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| STUDY ON FISH LIFE HISTORY TRAITS AND VARIATION IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT AND ITS ADJACENT WATERS |
| 台湾海峡及其邻近海域鱼类生活史特征及其变化研究 |
| Received:December 02, 2013 Revised:June 23, 2014 |
| DOI： |
| Key words:Life history traits, fish life history strategy, fishery exploitation, the Taiwan Strait |
| 中文关键词: 生活史特征，鱼类生活史对策，渔业开发，台湾海峡 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Abstract: |
| Large portions of the world’s fishery resources are overexploited. Life history traits of fish species are important indicators to reveal different life history strategies and to indicate population responses to fishing pressures. For this study, empirical data on fishing grounds located in the coastal area between Fujian Coast and Taiwan Island was collected. These areas have experienced severe overfishing in the past 30 years, leading to changes in the structure and function of the fish communities. Fifty-one commercial fish species in this fishing ground were selected to study the life history traits. Using the life history traits, all the species were grouped into 5 different life history strategies by principle component analysis. More than 60% of the species were categorized in group 5 that was similar to r-strategists. Twenty-five commercial species were selected for further analysis of changes in life history variables, and to discuss the population responses to exploitation. Results showed that most of the species appeared to become smaller size, shorter life, earlier maturation and faster growing under long-term exploitation. The exploitation rate of each species was also calculated to further discuss the impacts of fishing pressures to fish populations. Four species were found with the severest changes on life history traits indicating some of the species might be more susceptible to exploitation. This study on fish life history traits and their long-term variations under fishing pressures could provide important scientific implications for fishery management and conservation. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 世界上大部分海域的海洋渔业资源都面临着过度捕捞的压力。鱼类的不同生活史特征可表征不同的生活史对策，其变化可揭示鱼类种群对渔业捕捞的响应。台湾海峡及其邻近海域的主要渔场30多年来面临着过度捕捞的压力，导致了鱼类群落结构发了较大的变化。本研究分析了该海域51种主要经济鱼类的生态参数，系统研究了其生活史特征及其变化。采用主成分分析法可将51种鱼类分成5个不同的生活史对策组，分组结果表明超过60%的鱼类被归纳入第5组，即近r对策组，且多为中上层鱼类。在此基础上收集相关历史数据，对其中25种经济鱼类进行生活史变化分析，讨论不同鱼类种群对渔业开发的响应。分析结果表明，在长期的渔业开发活动下多数鱼类表现出小型化、低龄化、早熟和生长率加快等趋势。此外，本研究计算了每种鱼类的开发率以进一步研究渔业捕捞压力对鱼类种群的影响，发现其中4种底层和近底层鱼类的生活史特征变化显著，提示某些物种可能对捕捞压力更敏感。本研究可为渔业管理和保护提供重要的科学依据。 |
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