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Energy budget under the influence of topography in the Pearl River Estuary, China
地形作用下珠江河口的能量平衡
Received:October 17, 2013  Revised:September 23, 2014
DOI:
Key words:Three-dimensional barotropic model  Energy dissipation  Energy budget  Topography  Pearl River Estuary
中文关键词:  三维正压模型,能量耗散,能量收支,地形,珠江河口
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划);国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)
Author NameAffiliationPostcode
LIU Huan* Research Center of Coastal Ocean Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, GuangZhou, 510275, China 510275
WU Chao-yu Research Center of Coastal Ocean Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, GuangZhou, 510275, China 
Wu ya ju Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510611, China 
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Abstract:
      The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is a very complicated large-scale estuarine system in China. It consists of two parts: the river networks and the estuarine bays. Not only the network system is one of the most complicated river network systems in the world, but also each estuarine bay has very special morphodynamic feature due to the geological setting. The morphological boundary conditions have direct effects on energy dissipation and balance. Based on a three-dimensional barotropic model whose domain includes the river networks and the estuarine bays, this paper discuss the energy budget under the influence of topography in the PRE. The model elevation and discharge are validated against observation collected in July 1999 and February 2001. Results show that: (1) the source of energy in the PRE is mainly generated by tides and river runoff, which has obviously seasonal change. (2) There are some typical hotspots where energy dissipation is 1-2 orders higher than those in the immediately upstream and downstream sections in the PRE. These hotspots are linked with Small-scale Dynamic Structures (SSDS) and morphological units. Based on characteristic of morphology and dissipation characteristic, the hotspots can be categorized into three types: ‘Men’ or outlet of the PRE, meandering river, branch and junction.
中文摘要:
      珠江河口由河网区和河口湾区两部分组成,是中国最复杂的大河河口之一。不仅由于珠江河口具有世界上最复杂的河网系统,其河口湾区的地貌动力学特征也很具特色。地形边界对于珠江河口的潮汐能量耗散和平衡有显著影响。本文基于包括河网区、河口湾区和近海水域的三维正压模型,讨论了地形边界影响下的珠江河口能量平衡。模型通过1999年洪季和2001年枯季的实测资料进行验证,模型计算结果表明:(1)珠江河口能量来源受潮汐和径流共同作用,季节性变化明显;(2)珠江河口存在若干高能耗区,其单位面积能耗率比上下游河段平均能耗率高1~2个量级,它们和一定的动力结构与地貌单元相联系。根据地貌特征和消能特点,可以划分为以下三种类型:“门”的高能耗区、曲折河段高能耗区和分汊汇流高能耗区。
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