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Zheng Quanan,Xie Lingling,Xiong Xuejun,Hu Xiaomin,Chen Liang. 2020. Progress in research of submesoscale processes in the South China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 39(1):1－13

Progress in research of submesoscale processes in the South China Sea

南海北部深水区东西构造差异性及其动力学机制

Received:July 22, 2019

DOI：10.1007/s13131-019-1521-4

Key words:submesoscale processes internal waves fronts and jets submesoscale turbulence South China Sea

中文关键词: 亚中尺度过程内波锋面与射流亚中尺度湍流南海

基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41776034, 41376038, 40406009, 41806123 and 41506034; the National Science and Technology Major Project under contract No. 2016ZX05057015; the Guangdong Province First-Class Discipline Plan under contract No. CYL231419012; the Fund of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang) under contract No. ZJW-2019-08.

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Zheng Quanan	Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park 27042, USA
Xie Lingling	Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variability and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China	llingxie@163.com
Xiong Xuejun	First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
Hu Xiaomin	First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
Chen Liang	First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China

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Abstract:

This paper overviews research progress in observation, theoretical analysis and numerical modeling of submesoscale dynamic processes in the South China Sea (SCS) particularly during recent five years. The submesoscale processes are defined according to both spatial and dynamic scales, and divided into four subcategories as submesoscale waves, submesoscale vortexes, submesoscale shelf processes, and submesoscale turbulence. The major new findings are as follows. (1) Systematic mooring observations provide new insights into the solitary waves (ISWs) and the typhoon-forced near-inertial waves (NIWs), of which a new type of ISWs with period of 23 h was observed in the northern SCS (NSCS), and the influences of background vorticity, summer monsoon onset, and deep meridional overturning circulation on the NIWs, as well as nonlinear wave-wave interaction between the NIWs and internal tides, are better understood. On the other hand, satellite altimeter sea surface height data are used to reveal the internal tide radiation patterns and provide solid evidence for that the ISWs in the northeastern SCS originate from the Luzon Strait. (2) Submesoscale offshore jets and associated vortex trains off the Vietnam coast in the western boundary of the SCS were observed from satellite chlorophyll concentration images. Spiral trains with the horizontal scale of 15-30 km and the spacing of 50-80 km were identified.(3) 3-D vertical circulation in the upwelling region east of Hainan Island was theoretically analyzed. The results show that distribution patterns of all the dynamic terms are featured by wave-like structures with horizontal wavelength scale of 20-40 km. (4) Numerical models have been used for the research of submesoscale turbulence. Submesoscale vertical pump of an anticyclonic eddy and the spatiotemporal features of submesoscale processes in the northeastern SCS are well modeled.

中文摘要:

本文评述南海亚中尺度动力过程在观测、理论分析和数值模拟等方面的研究进展，特别是近5年来的进展。根据空间或动力尺度定义的亚中尺度可分为四类，即亚中尺度波、亚中尺度涡街、亚中尺度陆架过程和亚中尺度湍流。主要的新发现有：1）锚系观测给出了南海内孤立波和台风强迫近惯性内波的新观点，在南海北部陆坡观测到重现周期大约 23 h的一种新型全日内孤立波，背景涡度、夏季季风暴发和深层径向反转环流等对近惯性波频移的影响、以及近惯性波与全日潮波之间的非线性波-波相互作用有了更好认识。另一方面，利用卫星高度计SSH数据得出源自吕宋海峡的内潮辐射图形，为南海东北部内强孤立波起源于吕宋海峡提供了坚实证据。2）利用卫星叶绿素浓度图像观测到南海西边界越南近岸离岸亚中尺度射流及其联带涡串。叶绿素图像确认出水平尺度为O（15-30） km、间隔为O（50-80） km 的螺旋涡串。3）动力诊断得出中国琼东上升流区的三维垂直环流，发现所有动力控制项的分布图形均呈水平波长为20-40 km 的波状结构。4）数值模式已经用于亚中尺度湍流研究，得出反气旋涡的亚中尺度垂直泵吸以及南海东北部亚中尺度过程的时空特征。

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