| FU Chao,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,LIANG Jinqiang,KUANG Zenggui,HE Yulin,JIN Lina. 2019. Patterns of gas hydrate accumulation in mass transport deposits related to canyon activity: Example from Shenhu drilling area in the South China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 38(5):118－128 |
| Patterns of gas hydrate accumulation in mass transport deposits related to canyon activity: Example from Shenhu drilling area in the South China Sea |
| 南海北部水道活动引起的不同类型滑塌体对应的水合物赋存模式 |
| Received:December 06, 2017 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-019-1443-1 |
| Key words:South China Sea gas hydrate sedimentary characteristics MTDs hydrate responding pattern |
| 中文关键词: 南海北部陆坡 水合物富集 水道特征 成因分析 |
| 基金项目: |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | FU Chao | School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China | | | LI Shengli | School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China | slli@cugb.edu.cn | | YU Xinghe | School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China | | | LIANG Jinqiang | Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China | | | KUANG Zenggui | Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China | | | HE Yulin | Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China | | | JIN Lina | School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Since 2017, a plenty of gas hydrates have been drilled in a new area of Shenhu, and good heterogeneity has been found throughout the spatial distribution of the reservoir. After distinguishing different sedimentary sequence types and matching their formation with slope deposition settings, this study proposes three mass transport deposit (MTD) patterns related to canyon activity that occurred contemporaneously or epigenetically with it:well preserved MTDs, MTDs eroded by canyon migration, and MTDs dislocated by contemporaneous faults. Based on seismic reflection characteristics, this study proposed methods of quantitatively analyzing sedimentary factors, such as measuring the turbidities flow rate in the canyon, and results are interpreted with respect to canyon activity. Combining the above parameters and their relationship with gas hydrate accumulation, fine-grained seals overlapping coarse MTDs reservoirs are found to be indispensable to gas hydrate accumulation, as they prevent the release of free gas. Based on grain size data of hydrate samples from drilling wells, multi-layered gas hydrate reservoirs capped by fine-grained sediments and overlapping mud show favorable hydrate-bearing prospects. The release of gas hydrates, however, is mostly caused by the lack of mud sealing in relation to canyon activity, such as turbidities flow erosion and contemporaneous fault breaking. Canyon migration with respect to MTDs may be the actual cause of erosion of overlapping syn-sedimentary layers, and high bottom flows may contribute to an increase in the release of free gas. It is believed that contemporaneous faults caused by unstable canyon walls may break the muddy over layers and decrease the accumulation pressure of gas hydrate bearing. Thus, according to the sedimentary characteristics of MTDs and the hydrate accumulation process, three responding accumulation or releasing patterns are proposed, which respond to the different types of MTDs distinguished above:a well-preserved MTD accumulation pattern; a canyon migration eroded MTD release pattern; and a micro-contemporaneous fault dislocated MTD release pattern. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 2015~2016年在神狐新钻探区钻遇大量水合物岩心，证实南海北部神狐新钻探区具有较好的水合物成藏环境和勘探前景。结合2008~2009年该区采集的地震资料，我们对晚中新世以来细粒峡谷的沉积特征及其相应的水合物成藏模式进行了分析。通过对大量地震剖面进行解释，发现该区峡谷两侧的隆起上发育大量的滑塌体。本文通过岩心粒度分析，地震相识别分析和水合物测井响应分析等手段综合识别出对水合物成藏有控制作用的三种类型的滑塌体：原生滑塌体、峡谷切割滑塌体、和同生断裂滑塌体。结合沉积速率、流体流速分析和峡谷迁移等沉积学要素对滑塌体成因进行分析，认为峡谷切割滑塌体由于后期峡谷迁移对前期滑塌体切割形成的、同生断裂滑塌体是由于隆起区基底不平引起差异性沉降而形成的。不同类型的滑塌体发育位置不同：原生滑塌体常发育在隆起中坡度较缓的区域、峡谷切割成因滑塌体常发育在不定向迁移的峡谷两侧、同生断裂滑塌体常发育在隆起中坡度起伏较大的区域。三种类型滑塌及其相应的水合物成藏模式不同，其中原生滑塌体有利于水合物成藏，而另外两种类型的滑塌体由于其不能对自由气进行有效封堵而不利于水合物成藏。根据三种滑塌体对水合物成藏的响应指出在粗粒的含有孔虫粉砂岩储层上，覆盖细粒的泥岩对自由气进行封堵有利于水合物成藏，并且多层的泥岩覆盖是造成水合物稳定带中水合物多个分层成矿现象出现的原因。 |
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