| OU Suying,YANG Qingshu,LUO Xiangxin,ZHU Fan,LUO Kaiwen,YANG Hao. 2019. The influence of runoff and wind on the dispersion patterns of suspended sediment in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Estuary based on MODIS data. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 38(3):26－35 |
| The influence of runoff and wind on the dispersion patterns of suspended sediment in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Estuary based on MODIS data |
| 基于MODIS数据的珠江口悬沙扩散形态对风和径流的响应 |
| Received:November 23, 2017 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-019-1396-4 |
| Key words:Zhujiang (Pearl) River Estuary suspended sediment concentration (SSC) moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer wind runoff tides |
| 中文关键词: 珠江河口 含沙量 MODIS 风 径流 潮汐 |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41106015 and 41476073; the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2016YFC0402600. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | OU Suying | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | YANG Qingshu | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | LUO Xiangxin | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China | Luoxx6@mail.sysu.edu.cn | | ZHU Fan | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | LUO Kaiwen | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | YANG Hao | Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Cloud-free moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Estuary (ZRE) taken between 2002 and 2012 are retrieved and used to study the spatial and temporal patterns of suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) across the estuary under runoff, wind, and tropical storm conditions. Five typical dispersal patterns of suspended sediments in the estuary are defined:Case I shows generally low SSCs under low dynamics; Case Ⅱ shows a river-dominant dispersal pattern of suspended sediments from the outlets, particularly from Modaomen, Jiaomen, Hengmen, and others; Case Ⅲ shows wind-dominant dispersal of high SSCs derived from the west shoal and southwesterly transport under a strong NE wind; Case IV is the combination of relatively large runoff and wind; and Case V is caused by a strong tropical storm with high river discharge and wind, which is characterized by the high SSCs across the entire estuary that are transported eastward by wind-driven and buoyancy currents outside the estuary. Runoff is a dominant factor that controls seasonal and annual SSC variations in the ZRE, with the area of high SSCs being largest in the summer and smallest in the spring. The correlation coefficients between the monthly averaged river-suspended sediment discharge and the area of the high SSCs are approximately 0.6. The wind power over the west shoal increases with a wind speed, which induces more sediment resuspension and shows a close relationship between the wind speed and high SSC area. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本文采用2002-2012年珠江口无云天气下的MODIS遥感影像，结合悬沙实测数据，建立珠江口悬沙遥感反演模型并利用此模型反演不同时段珠江口表层悬沙的空间分布，研究2002~2012年风、径流等不同动力驱动下珠江口悬沙扩散形态的时空分布特征。在比较典型动力特别是主导动力驱动下，河口悬沙会呈现趋势较明显的扩散形态，本文归纳出五种典型的悬沙扩散分布：类型I是河口弱动力（弱风、低径流、小潮）影响下，水体含沙量整体偏低，无显著扩散形态；类型Ⅱ是大径流控制下，河口悬沙由口门向海扩散，磨刀门、横门、蕉门等口外水域含沙量最高；类型Ⅲ是强东北风控制下，伶仃洋河口湾西侧浅滩含沙量高且向西南方向扩散；类型IV是洪季较大径流量及较大风场共同作用下的含沙量分布，扩散形态及范围最复杂且不典型；类型V是强台风影响下，巨大的洪水径流及强风共同作用所引起整个河口含沙量剧增，且高含沙水体于河口湾外随风生流及羽流向东扩散。基于2002~2012年所反演出来的108幅悬沙分布图及对应的径流、风、潮差进行统计，结果发现珠江径流的季节变化决定高含沙水体分布面积的变化，夏季分布宽、春秋季分布窄，统计月平均面积与珠江月平均输沙量的相关指数达0.6；伶仃洋西侧浅滩的含沙量及分布面积随东北风速的增大而呈现增大的趋势。 |
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