| GAO Boliang,SHANG Xiexie,LI Li,DI Wenjie,ZENG Runying. 2018. Phylogenetically diverse, acetaldehyde-degrading bacterial community in the deep sea water of the West Pacific Ocean. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 37(8):54－64 |
| Phylogenetically diverse, acetaldehyde-degrading bacterial community in the deep sea water of the West Pacific Ocean |
| 西太平洋深海海水中乙醛降解菌多样性及群落结构研究 |
| Received:December 14, 2017 Revised:March 13, 2018 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-018-1235-z |
| Key words:acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria ALDH deep sea in situ |
| 中文关键词: 乙醛降解菌 ALDH 深海环境 原位富集 |
| 基金项目:The Xiamen Ocean Economic Innovation and Development Demonstration Project under contract No. 16PZP001SF16. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GAO Boliang | School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China | | | SHANG Xiexie | School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China | | | LI Li | State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | DI Wenjie | State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | ZENG Runying | State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361005, China | zeng@tio.org.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| As a major aldehyde pollutant widely existing in industry and our daily life, acetaldehyde is more and more harmful to human health. As characteristic habitat niche, bacteria from deep sea environments are abundant and distinctive in heredity, physiology and ecological functions. Thus, the development of acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria from deep sea provides a new method to harness acetaldehyde pollutant. Firstly, in this study, acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria in the deep sea water of the West Pacific Ocean were enriched in situ and in the laboratory respectively, and then the diversity of uncultured bacteria was studied by using 16S rRNA genes. Then acetaldehyde-degrading strains were isolated from two samples, including enrichment in situ and enrichment in laboratory samples of deep sea water from the West Pacific Ocean using acetaldehyde as the sole carbon source, and then the ability of acetaldehyde degradation was detected. Our results showed that the main uncultured bacteria of two samples with different enrichment approaches were similar, including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, but the structure of bacterial community were significant different. Four subgroups, α, γ, δ and ε, were found in Proteobacteria group. The γ-Proteobacteria was dominant (63.5% clones in laboratory enriched sample, 75% clones in situ enriched sample). The species belonged to γ-Proteobacteria and their proportion was nearly identical between the two enrichment samples, and Vibrio was the predominant genus (45% in laboratory enriched sample, 48.5% in situ enriched sample), followed by Halomonas (9% in situ enriched sample) and Streptococcus (6% in laboratory enriched sample). A total of 12 acetaldehyde-degrading strains were isolated from the two samples, which belonged to Vibrio, Halomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas and Bacillus of γ-Proteobacteria. Strains ACH-L-5, ACH-L-8 and ACH-S-12, belonging to Vibrio and Halomonas, have strong ability of acetaldehyde degradation, which could tolerate 1.5 g/L acetaldehyde and degrade 350 mg/L acetaldehyde within 24 hours. Our results indicated that bacteria of γ-Proteobacteria may play an important role in carbon cycle of deep sea environments, especial the bacteria belonging to Vibrio and Halomonas and these strains was suggested for their potentials in government of aldehyde pollutants. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 工业生产中会产生大量的醛类污染物，日益影响人类日常生活及健康，其中乙醛是最主要的一类。深海作为一个特殊的生态环境，栖息着丰富的细菌，其遗传、生理及生态功能等方面都与陆生细菌明显不同，具有极高的研究价值。因此，研究深海乙醛降解细菌为解决乙醛污染的问题，提供了一种新的途径。本文首先对西太平洋深海海水分别进行原位及实验室富集乙醛降解菌，并利用16S rRNA测序，分析两组不同富集方式下乙醛降解细菌的多样性。随后，以乙醛为唯一碳源，分别自两种方式富集的样品中筛选可培养的乙醛降解细菌，并检测及分析相应菌株的乙醛降解能力。结果表明，这两种不同富集方式获得的细菌，主要的菌群都相似，为Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Firmicutes和Cyanobacteria的细菌，然而菌群的构成比例却具有明显的差异。其中，Proteobacteria的细菌为优势菌，α、γ、δ及ε-Proteobacteria的菌株都有发现，以γ-Proteobacteria的细菌最为丰富，占实验室富集样品的63.5%，原位富集样品的75%。进一步研究表明，弧菌（Vibrio）为优势菌属，占实验室富集的45%，原位富集的48.5%，其次为盐单胞菌（Halomonas），占原位富集的9%，随后为链球菌（Streptococcus），占实验室富集的6%。自两种富集的样品中，共获得12柱菌株，鉴定表明归类为γ-Proteobacteria中的弧菌（Vibrio）、盐单胞菌（Halomonas）、假交替单胞菌（Pseudoalteromonas）、假单胞菌（Pseudomonas）及芽孢杆菌（Bacillus）。其中，归属于菌株弧菌（Vibrio）、盐单胞菌（Halomonas）的菌株ACH-L-5、ACH-L-8及ACH-S-12具有很强乙醛降解活性，能耐受1.5 g/L的乙醛，且在24 h内能降解350 mg/L的乙醛。本文的研究表明，γ-Proteobacteria的细菌，尤其是菌株弧菌（Vibrio）、盐单胞菌（Halomonas），在深海环境的碳循环中具有重要的作用，且在乙醛污染物的治理中具有重要的应用潜力。 |
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