| LIN Heshan,LIU Kun,WANG Jianjun,HUANG Yaqin,LI Zhong,LIN Junhui,HE Xuebao,ZHANG Shuyi,MOU Jianfeng,WANG Yu,XING Bingpeng. 2018. Spatial pattern of macrobenthic communities along a shelf-slope-basin transect across the Bering Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 37(6):72－81 |
| Spatial pattern of macrobenthic communities along a shelf-slope-basin transect across the Bering Sea |
| 白令海大型底栖动物群落结构及其空间分布格局 |
| Received:November 25, 2017 Revised:December 11, 2017 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-018-1192-6 |
| Key words:macrobenthos community structure Arctic Bering Sea environmental drivers |
| 中文关键词: 大型底栖生物 群落结构 北极 白令海 环境驱动因素 |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41306116 and 41506217; the Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programs under contract Nos CHINARE 04-03, 03-05 and 03-02; the Polar Science Strategic Research Foundation of China under contract No. 20140309; the Scientific Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA under contract No. 2016011. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIN Heshan | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | LIU Kun | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China | | | WANG Jianjun | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | wangjianjun220@tio.org.cn | | HUANG Yaqin | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China | | | LI Zhong | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | LIN Junhui | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | HE Xuebao | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | ZHANG Shuyi | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | MOU Jianfeng | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | WANG Yu | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | XING Bingpeng | Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Due to its unique geological location, the Bering Sea is an ideal place to investigate the water exchange and ecosystem connectivity of the Pacific Ocean-Arctic Ocean and subarctic-Arctic region. Based on a number of summer surveys (July to September, 2010, 2012 and 2014), macrobenthic communities and their spatial-temporal patterns are exhibited for the majority of the Bering Sea (53°59'-64°36'N). The results show that the macrobenthic communities were dominated by northern cold-water species and immigrant eurythermic species, and the communities assumed a dispersed and patchy distribution pattern. Polychaetes (Scoloplos armiger), crustaceans (Ceradocus capensis) and sea urchins (Echinarachnius parma) were the main dominant groups in the shallow shelves; the sea star (Ctenodiscus crispatus) and the brittle star (Ophiura sarsii) were the main dominant groups in the continental slope; whereas small polychaetes (Prionospio malmgreni) dominated the basin area. Sediment type, water depth, and currents were the major factors affecting the structure and spatial distribution of the macrobenthic communities. Compared with other seas, the shallow areas of the Bering Sea showed an extremely high-standing biomass. In particular, the northern shelf area (north of St. Lawrence Islands and west of 170°W), which is primarily controlled by Anadyr Water, is an undersea oasis. In contrast, a deficiency in the downward transport of particulate organic carbon has resulted in a desert-like seabed in the basin area. By comparing our results to previous studies, we found that macrobenthic communities of the Bering Sea have undergone significant structural changes in recent decades, resulting in a decrease in abundance and an increase in biomass. In addition, populations of amphipods and bivalves in the northern shelves have decreased significantly and have been gradually replaced by other species. These changes might be associated with advanced seasonal ice melting, changes in organic carbon input, and global warming, indicating that large-scale ecosystem changes have been occurring in the Bering Sea. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 白令海因其特殊的地理位置成为研究太平洋—北冰洋和亚北极—北极水体交换和生态系统联通性的理想场所。本研究基于多年的大面点调查(53°59'~64°36'N)，分析白令海陆架—陆坡—海盆区大型底栖生物的群落结构、时空格局及其与环境因子的关系。该海域大型底栖生物的物种组成以北方冷水种和广温性迁入种为主，各区域间的物种组成和数量分布呈极显著差异，群落呈离散的斑块化分布格局。多毛类（Scoloplos armiger）、甲壳类（Ceradocus capensis）和海胆（Echinarachnius parma）为浅海陆架区的主要优势类群，海星（Ctenodiscus crispatus）和海蛇尾（Ophiura sarsii）为陆坡区的主导者，而海盆区以小型多毛类（Prionospio malmgreni）为主。分析表明，底质类型、水深和海流是影响群落结构及其空间分布的主要因素，与全球其他海区相比，白令海陆架和陆坡区均有极高的生物现存量，尤其是受阿纳德流（AW）主控的北部陆架区（圣劳伦斯岛以北，170°W以西），犹如一片海底绿洲，相反，颗粒有机碳向下输入的匮乏致使海盆区成为一片海底荒漠。与以往相关研究对比，近几十年间白令海大型底栖生物群落发生了明显的结构性变化，栖息密度下降，而生物量呈增长趋势，北部陆架区端足类和双壳类的种群数量明显减少，优势地位逐渐被其他种群所取代。所有的这些改变可能与提早的季节性融冰、有机碳输入的改变以及气候变暖有关，预示着白令海海底正悄然经历着一场大规模的生态系统变化。 |
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