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ZHANG Shoukang,ZHENG Jiao,ZHANG Jing,WANG Zhiyong,WANG Yilei,CAI Mingyi. 2018. Cytogenetic characterization and description of an X₁X₁X₂X₂/X₁X₂Y sex chromosome system in Collichthys lucidus (Richardson, 1844). Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 37(4):34－39

Cytogenetic characterization and description of an X₁X₁X₂X₂/X₁X₂Y sex chromosome system in Collichthys lucidus (Richardson, 1844)

棘头梅童鱼的细胞遗传学特征和X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y性染色体系统

Received:March 02, 2017

DOI：10.1007/s13131-018-1152-1

Key words:Collichthys lucidus karyotype sex chromosome rDNA fluorescence in situ hybridization interstitial telomeric signal (ITS)

中文关键词: 棘头梅童鱼核型性染色体 rDNA 荧光原位杂交

基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 31272653 and 41706157; the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under contract No. 2017J01449.

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
ZHANG Shoukang	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
ZHENG Jiao	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
ZHANG Jing	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
WANG Zhiyong	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
WANG Yilei	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
CAI Mingyi	The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China	myicai@jmu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

The chromosomes of spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus (Richardson, 1844) were characterized for the first time by fluorescence staining, self genomic in situ hybridization (self-GISH), and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA, 5S rDNA and telomeric sequence probes. The female karyotype has exclusively 24 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes (2n=48a, NF=48), while the male one consists of 22 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes, 2 monosomic acrocentric chromosomes and a metacentric chromosome (2n=1m+46a, NF=48). The difference between female and male karyotypes indicates the presence of a sex chromosome of X₁X₁X₂X₂/X₁X₂Y type, where Y is the unique metacentric chromosome in the male karyotype. As revealed by FISH, 5S rDNA and 18S rDNA sites were mapped at syntenic position of the largest acrocentric chromosome (X₁), and the short arms of the Y chromosome as well. An X₁-chromosome specific interstitial telomeric signal (ITS) was detected overlapping the 5S rDNA sites. In addition, self-GISH revealed that the repetitive DNAs accumulated on all the putative sex chromosome. Chromosome fusion accompanied by a partial deletion in the ancestral karyotype (2n=48a) is hypothesized for the origin of such multiple sex chromosome system. The present study, as the first description of differentiated sex chromosome in family Sciaenidae, will give clues to the studies on the sex chromosome of other Sciaenids.

中文摘要:

我们通过荧光染色、自身基因组原位杂交（Self-GISH）和多色荧光原位杂交（FISH），首次研究了棘头梅童鱼（Richardson，1844）的核型特征。雌性核型有24对端部着丝粒染色体（2n=48a，NF=48），而雄性核型包含22对端部着丝粒染色体，2条端部着丝粒染色体单体和1条中间着丝粒染色体（2n=1m+46a，NF=48）。雌性和雄性核型之间的差异表明，棘头梅童鱼的性染色体系统为X₁X₁X₂X₂/X₁X₂Y型，其中Y为雄性中特有的中间着丝粒染色体。三色FISH结果显示，5S rDNA和18S rDNA位点定位在最大的端着丝粒染色体（X₁）以及Y染色体的短臂；X₁染色体上有一个特异的臂间端粒信号（ITS），与5S rDNA位点部分重叠。Self-GISH结果显示，在推定的性染色体DNA重复序列聚集。根据实验结果我们提出关于棘头梅童鱼Y染色体起源的假说：Y染色体起源于祖先核型（2n=48a）中的两条端部着丝染色体融合，并且在此过程中伴随着片段缺失。本研究首次在石首鱼科中描述了异形的性染色体，将为其他石首鱼的性染色体研究提供线索。

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