| CHEN Ping,ZHAO Jinping. 2017. Variation of sea ice extent in different regions of the Arctic Ocean. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 36(8):9－19 |
| Variation of sea ice extent in different regions of the Arctic Ocean |
| 北极各海域海冰覆盖范围的变化特征 |
| Received:May 25, 2016 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-016-0886-x |
| Key words:Arctic sea ice extent period of 4-6 years sea ice margin sea ice coverage indices |
| 中文关键词: 北极 海冰覆盖范围 4-6年周期 海冰外缘线 海冰覆盖率指数 |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research Program of China under contract No. 2015CB953900; the Key Project of Chinese Natural Science Foundation under contract No. 41330960; the Polar Science Strategic Research Foundation of China under contract No. 20120102. |
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| Abstract: |
| Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 在过去半个世纪，随着全球气候的变暖北极海冰快速减退。本文主要分析了北极及其各边缘海海冰覆盖范围的变化特征。结果表明北极海冰在1979-2013年持续减退，夏季海冰减退尤为显著，其次为秋季、冬季、春季。在北极海冰厚重时期，消除季节变化后的海冰覆盖范围存在一个4-6年的增减变化特征。2003-06年为本世纪的重冰年，但各年的区域差异较大。在轻冰年，各扇区海冰外缘线北退。弗拉姆海峡的海冰外缘线的变化跟整个北冰洋基本相反。融冻期海冰覆盖率指数是海冰冰情的重要体现，反映了北极和各边缘海的海冰变化情况。自2002年以来，太平洋扇区北部的C2区海冰的变化对北极中央区贡献最大，其次是C1区，C3区。近些年来北极各海区之间冰情变化体现了3种相关性：楚科奇海和东西伯利亚海海冰覆盖率指数的相关系数较大，海冰变化较为一致；由于来自巴伦支海的暖流进入喀拉海，大西洋扇区的喀拉海和巴伦之海之间海冰变化较为一致。北极中央区海冰的变化受到周边海域的海冰的影响。 |
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