| LIU Yang,LIN Wenshi,LI Jiangnan,WANG Gang,YANG Song,FENG Yerong. 2017. A numerical simulation of latent heating within Typhoon Molave. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 36(7):39－47 |
| A numerical simulation of latent heating within Typhoon Molave |
| 台风“莫拉菲”潜热的数值模拟研究 |
| Received:December 13, 2016 Revised:January 17, 2017 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-017-1082-3 |
| Key words:latent heat weather research and forecasting model Typhoon Molave thermodynamic structure cloud microphysics zero degree isotherm |
| 中文关键词: 潜热 WRF模式 台风莫拉菲 热力结构 云微物理 零度层 |
| 基金项目:The National Key Basic Research Program of China under contract No. 2014CB953904; the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under contract No. 2015A030311026; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41275145 and 41275060. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Yang | School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Meteorological Center of Middle South Regional Air Traffic Management Bureau of Civil Aviation of China, Guangzhou 510470, China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510080, China | | | LIN Wenshi | School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | linwenshi@mail.sysu.edu.cn | | LI Jiangnan | School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | WANG Gang | Meteorological Center of Middle South Regional Air Traffic Management Bureau of Civil Aviation of China, Guangzhou 510470, China | | | YANG Song | School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | FENG Yerong | Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510080, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model is a new generation mesoscale numerical model with a fine grid resolution (2 km), making it ideal to simulate the macro- and micro-physical processes and latent heating within Typhoon Molave (2009). Simulations based on a single-moment, six-class microphysical scheme are shown to be reasonable, following verification of results for the typhoon track, wind intensity, precipitation pattern, as well as inner-core thermodynamic and dynamic structures. After calculating latent heating rate, it is concluded that the total latent heat is mainly derived from condensation below the zero degree isotherm, and from deposition above this isotherm. It is revealed that cloud microphysical processes related to graupel are the most important contributors to the total latent heat. Other important latent heat contributors in the simulated Typhoon Molave are condensation of cloud water, deposition of cloud ice, deposition of snow, initiation of cloud ice crystals, deposition of graupel, accretion of cloud water by graupel, evaporation of cloud water and rainwater, sublimation of snow, sublimation of graupel, melting of graupel, and sublimation of cloud ice. In essence, the simulated latent heat profile is similar to ones recorded by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, although specific values differ slightly. |
| 中文摘要: |
| WRF天气研究和预报模式是新一代中尺度数值预报模式，本文采用最细2公里的网格距对台风“莫拉菲”内核的宏观、微观以及潜热过程进行数值模拟。通过对台风路径、风速大小、降水形态以及内核热力和动力结构的验证，证实了单向六参数WSM6方案的合理性。本文通过计算台风过程中的潜热加热率，揭示了总潜热主要来源于0℃层以下的凝结潜热和0℃层以上的凝华潜热。证实了与霰有关的云微物理过程是对总潜热贡献最重要的因子。除此之外，在本次台风“莫拉菲”的模拟中，其他重要的潜热贡献因子分别是水汽凝结成云水、云冰的凝华增长、雪的凝华增长、云冰的初始化、霰的凝华增长、云水被雪和霰收集、云水和雨水的蒸发、雪的升华、霰的升华、霰的融化以及云冰的升华。总体而言，本文模拟的潜热加热率廓线和TRMM卫星的廓线基本一致，尽管具体数值略有不同。 |
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