| CHEN Jian,YOU Xiaobao,XIAO Yiguo,ZHANG Ren,WANG Gongjie,BAO Senliang. 2017. A performance evaluation of remotely sensed sea surface salinity products in combination with other surface measurements in reconstructing three-dimensional salinity fields. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 36(7):15－31 |
| A performance evaluation of remotely sensed sea surface salinity products in combination with other surface measurements in reconstructing three-dimensional salinity fields |
| 利用海表盐度等遥感观测产品重构三维盐度场的性能评估 |
| Received:May 06, 2016 Revised:January 17, 2017 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-017-1079-y |
| Key words:soil moisture and ocean salinity Aquarius sea surface salinity vertical retrieval feature resolution |
| 中文关键词: SMOS Aquarius 海表盐度 垂直反演 特征分辨率 |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41276088. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Jian | Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, China | chenj03@126.com | | YOU Xiaobao | Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, China | | | XIAO Yiguo | Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, China | | | ZHANG Ren | Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China | | | WANG Gongjie | Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China | | | BAO Senliang | Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Several remotely sensed sea surface salinity (SSS) retrievals with various resolutions from the soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) and Aquarius/SAC-D missions are applied as inputs for retrieving salinity profiles (S) using multilinear regressions. The performance is evaluated using a total root mean square (RMS) error, different error sources, and the feature resolutions of the retrieved S fields. In the mixed layer of the salinity, the SSS-S regression coefficients are uniformly large. The SSS inputs yield smaller RMS errors in the retrieved S with respect to Argo profiles as their spatial or temporal resolution decreases. The projected SSS errors are dominant, and the retrieved S values are more accurate than those of climatology in the tropics except for the tropical Atlantic, where the regression errors are abnormally large. Below that level, because of the influence of a sea level anomaly, the areas of high-accuracy S values shift to higher latitudes except in the high-latitude southern oceans, where the projected SSS errors are abnormally large. A spectral analysis suggests that the CATDS-0.25° results are much noisier and that the BEC-L4-0.25° results are much smoother than those of the other retrievals. Aquarius-CAP-1° generates the smallest RMS errors, and Aquarius-V2-1° performs well in depicting large-scale phenomena. BEC-L3-0.25°, which has small RMS errors and remarkable mesoscale energy, is the best fit for portraying mesoscale features in the SSS and retrieved S fields. The current priority for retrieving S is to improve the reliability of satellite SSS especially at middle and high latitudes, by developing advanced algorithms, combining both sensors, or weighing between accuracy and resolutions. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 利用欧洲的土壤湿度和海洋盐度卫星（SMOS，Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity）和美国的宝瓶座盐度卫星（Aquarius/SAC-D）提供的几种不同分辨率的海表盐度（SSS，Sea Surface Salinity）遥感分析产品作为输入，进行了盐度剖面（S）的多元线性反演，对所得盐度场的总体均方根（RMS）误差、不同误差源、特征分辨率等进行了性能评估。研究表明，在盐度混合层：SSS-S回归系数一致偏大，随着海表盐度输入时空分辨率的递减，其反演的盐度场相对于Argo剖面盐度值的RMS误差会逐渐变小；海表盐度投影误差占主要地位，导致反演盐度场仅在热带海域比气候态精确（回归误差异常偏大的热带大西洋除外）。在混合层以下：主要受到海面高度异常的影响，高精度盐度反演场转移到较高纬度（海表盐度投影误差特别大的高纬南大洋除外）。谱分析发现：CATDS-0.25°的噪音比其它分析场大，而BEC-L4-0.25°更平滑；Aquarius-CAP-1°的均方根误差最小，而Aquarius-V2-1°在描述大尺度物理现象方面表现较好；BEC-L3-0.25°有着较小的均方根误差和显著的中尺度能量，最适于描绘盐度场的中尺度特征。当前反演盐度场的关键是通过发展先进算法、融合两种传感器以及在精度和分辨率之间做出取舍等方式提高卫星海表盐度的可靠性。 |
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