| LI Lanyu,KE Changqing,XIE Hongjie,LEI Ruibo,TAO Anqi. 2017. Aerial observations of sea ice and melt ponds near the North Pole during CHINARE2010. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 36(1):64－72 |
| Aerial observations of sea ice and melt ponds near the North Pole during CHINARE2010 |
| 中国第四次北极科学考察期间北极点附近海冰和融池的航空遥感观测 |
| Received:November 07, 2015 Revised:January 28, 2016 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-017-0994-2 |
| Key words:sea ice melt pond albedo concentration aerial observation North Pole |
| 中文关键词: 海冰 融池 反照率 密集度 航空遥感 北极点 |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41371391; the Program for Foreign Cooperation of Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No. IC201301; the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2016YFA0600102. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LI Lanyu | Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | | | KE Changqing | Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | kecq@nju.edu.cn | | XIE Hongjie | Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA | | | LEI Ruibo | Polar Research Institute of China, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200136, China | | | TAO Anqi | Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| An aerial photography has been used to provide validation data on sea ice near the North Pole where most polar orbiting satellites cannot cover. This kind of data can also be used as a supplement for missing data and for reducing the uncertainty of data interpolation. The aerial photos are analyzed near the North Pole collected during the Chinese national arctic research expedition in the summer of 2010 (CHINARE2010). The result shows that the average fraction of open water increases from the ice camp at approximately 87°N to the North Pole, resulting in the decrease in the sea ice. The average sea ice concentration is only 62.0% for the two flights (16 and 19 August 2010). The average albedo (0.42) estimated from the area ratios among snow-covered ice, melt pond and water is slightly lower than the 0.49 of HOTRAX 2005. The data on 19 August 2010 shows that the albedo decreases from the ice camp at approximately 87°N to the North Pole, primarily due to the decrease in the fraction of snow-covered ice and the increase in fractions of melt-pond and open-water. The ice concentration from the aerial photos and AMSR-E (The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System) images at 87.0°-87.5°N exhibits similar spatial patterns, although the AMSR-E concentration is approximately 18.0% (on average) higher than aerial photos. This can be attributed to the 6.25 km resolution of AMSR-E, which cannot separate melt ponds/submerged ice from ice and cannot detect the small leads between floes. Thus, the aerial photos would play an important role in providing high-resolution independent estimates of the ice concentration and the fraction of melt pond cover to validate and/or supplement space-borne remote sensing products near the North Pole. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 北极点附近许多极轨卫星无法覆盖，航空遥感可以提供极点区域海冰观测的验证数据。这些数据也可以用来作为极点附近遥感数据缺失的一个补充，以进一步缩小空间内插的不确定性。本文分析了2010年第四次北极科学考察期间北极点附近的航空遥感影像，结果表明从北纬87度的长期冰站到极点之间，开阔水域的比例增加，导致了海冰的减少。8月16日和19融入两个航次的平均海冰密集度只有62%。从开阔水域、融池和和积雪覆盖海冰的面积比例估算的平均反照率只有0.42，略微低于2005年HOTRAX航次的0.49。8月19日的数据表明从长期冰站到极点的反照率是下降的，主要是由于积雪覆盖海冰面积的降低和融池与开阔水域面积的增加造成的。在北纬87度和87.5度之间，航空遥感和AMSR-E卫星遥感获取的海冰密集度在空间格局上是相似的，但是，平均程度而言卫星遥感比航空遥感高估了18%。这可能是由于AMSR-E卫星遥感的空间分辨率是6.25公里，它不能区分融池和冰，不能区分浮冰之间小的水道。航空遥感影像在提供高分辨率海冰密集度和融池面积的独立估算方面发挥了重要作用，可以用来验证极点附近的星载遥感数据产品或者作为它的一个补充。 |
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