| CHEN Tianran,LI Shu,SHI Qi,CHEN Tegu. 2016. Cold tolerance of subtropical Porites lutea from the northern South China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 35(12):58－64 |
| Cold tolerance of subtropical Porites lutea from the northern South China Sea |
| 南海北部亚热带滨珊瑚对低温的耐受能力 |
| Received:August 07, 2015 Revised:July 29, 2016 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-016-0940-8 |
| Key words:low-temperature stress cold tolerance subtropical coral Porites lutea northern South China Sea |
| 中文关键词: 低温胁迫 低温耐受能力 亚热带珊瑚 滨珊瑚 南海北部 |
| 基金项目: |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Tianran | Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China | chentianran@scsio.ac.cn | | LI Shu | Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China | | | SHI Qi | Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China | | | CHEN Tegu | Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Marginal scleractinian corals growing at their latitudinal limits should be quite sensitive to variations in winter sea surface temperatures (SSTs). An extreme cold event occurring in early 2008 offered a unique opportunity to examine the effect of cold-water anomalies on Porites lutea corals and their physiological tolerance and acclimation in the subtropical northern South China Sea (NSCS). Besides in-situ observation, a subsequent aquarium-based experiment was designed for reproducing the chilling process and a 50-year-long Sr/Ca ratio profile from two P. lutea skeletal slabs was analyzed for reconstructed the historical annual minimum SSTs which ceased Porites calcification. The 2008 low-temperature anomaly caused the minimum daily mean SSTs dropped below 13℃ in the Daya Bay. The stress symptoms displayed by local P. lutea colonies included polyp retraction, reduced coloration and pale, but none showed tissue sloughing. The ability of P. lutea to survive implied its tolerance of extreme low temperatures. Here we suggest a model on the tolerance of high-latitude Porites under low-temperature stresses, which is when SSTs drop below 18℃, Porites corals contract their tentacles (losing heterotrophic capability), then cease calcification (reducing energy consumption), and meanwhile maintain relatively high levels of zooxanthellae density (sustaining host's life via photosynthetic capacity of symbiotic zooxanthellae). This study revealed remarkable acclimatization of P. lutea corals to low temperature extremes. This acclimatization is beneficial for Porites corals in the NSCS to expand their living ranges towards the higher-latitude areas and have the potential to be the incipient reef former. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 生长在边缘地带的造礁石珊瑚接近其自然分布的北界，对冬季海面温度的变化相当敏感。2008年初在南海北部发生的一次极端冷事件提供了非常好的机会，用于研究低温异常对滨珊瑚的影响及其生理耐受和适应能力。除了现场观测，室内养殖箱模拟实验用于再现冷事件的过程。此外，一条50年的滨珊瑚Sr/Ca序列用于重建历史上每年造成珊瑚停止钙化的最低温度。2008冷事件导致大亚湾最低日平均温度低于13℃。滨珊瑚受到胁迫的症状包括水螅体收缩、群体颜色变为灰白、但没有出现组织死亡、脱落，显示了对极端低温的耐受能力。本文提出了一种新的模型用于表征高纬度滨珊瑚耐受极端低温的过程：当水温低于18℃时，滨珊瑚收缩触手（暂时摒弃异养），然后停止钙化（减少能量损失），同时保持相对高的虫黄藻密度，通过共生藻的光合作用度过不利的环境。本研究揭示了滨珊瑚对极端低温的适应性，并且该能力有利于它们向更高纬度的地域扩展，并成为潜在的造礁先驱者。 |
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