| ZHENG Zongsheng,ZHOU Yunxuan,TIAN Bo,DING Xianwen. 2016. The spatial relationship between salt marsh vegetation patterns, soil elevation and tidal channels using remote sensing at Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve, China. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 35(4):26－34 |
| The spatial relationship between salt marsh vegetation patterns, soil elevation and tidal channels using remote sensing at Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve, China |
| 基于卫星遥感的潮滩植被、高程、潮沟空间关系探讨-以崇明东滩为例 |
| Received:October 09, 2014 Revised:January 08, 2015 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-016-0831-z |
| Key words:remote sensing vegetation patterns Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve salt marshes environmental factors |
| 中文关键词: 遥感 植被分布 地理分布 盐沼 环境因子 |
| 基金项目:Program Strategic Scientific Alliances between China and the Netherlands under contract No.2008DFB90240; Open Research Fund Program for State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research under contract No.SKLEC201207; Open Research Fund Program for Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology Environment and Disaster Prevention under contract No.2012011. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHENG Zongsheng | State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China | zszheng@shou.edu.cn | | ZHOU Yunxuan | State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China | | | TIAN Bo | State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China | | | DING Xianwen | International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The analysis of vegetation-environment relationships has always been a study hotspot in ecology. A number of biotic, hydrologic and edaphic factors have great influence on the distribution of macrophytes within salt marsh. Since the exotic species Spartina alterniflora(S. alterniflora) was introduced in 1995, a rapid expansion has occurred at Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve(CDNR) in the Changjiang(Yangtze) River Estuary, China. Several important vegetation-environment factors including soil elevation, tidal channels density(TCD), vegetation classification and fractional vegetation cover(FVC) were extracted by remote sensing method combined with field measurement. To ignore the details in interaction between biological and physical process, the relationship between them was discussed at a large scale of the whole saltmarsh. The results showed that Scirpus mariqueter(S. mariqueter) can endure the greatest elevation variance with 0.33 m throughout the marsh in CDNR. But it is dominant in the area less than 2.5 m with the occurrence frequency reaching 98%. S. alterniflora has usually been found on the most elevated soils higher than 3.5 m but has a narrow spatial distribution. The rapid decrease of S. mariqueter can be explained by stronger competitive capacity of S. alterniflora on the high tidal flat. FVC increases with elevation which shows significant correlation with elevation(r=0.30, p<0.001). But the frequency distribution of FVC indicates that vegetation is not well developed on both elevated banks near tidal channels from the whole scale mainly due to tidal channel lateral swing and human activities. The significant negative correlation(r=-0.20, p<0.001) was found between FVC and TCD, which shows vegetation is restricted to grow in higher TCD area corresponding to lower elevation mainly occupied by S. mariqueter communities. The maximum occurrence frequency of this species reaches to 97% at the salt marsh with TCD more than 8 m/m2. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 植被与环境的相互关系研究一直是生态研究的热点问题。生物、水文和土壤因子对盐沼植物分布有很大的影响。互花米草在1995年被引种到崇明东滩自然保护区(CDNR)之后发生了迅速的扩张。通过遥感方法结合实地测量提取了重要的植被及环境因素包括土壤高程、潮汐通道密度(TCD)、植被覆盖度(FVC)及植被类型。为忽略生物和物理过程之间的相互作用细节,从遥感像元尺度定量统计分析了整个盐沼中上述因子的相互关系。结果表明:海三棱藨草(S. mariqueter)能耐受最大的高程变化,达到0.33 m。但它主要分布在小于2.5 m的高程区域,此区域其出现频率达到98%;互花米草分布在一个较狭窄的高程范围,主要是高于3.5 m的空间。海三棱藨草在高潮滩的迅速减少主要与互花米草在高潮滩较强的竞争能力有关。FVC随盐沼高程的增加而增加,两者显著正相关(r=0.30,P<0.001),但FVC的频率分布表明在潮沟两侧的岸坡植被并不发育,主要原因可能是潮沟的侧向摆动及人类活动影响。FVC和TCD呈显著负相关(r=-0.20,p<0.001),表明植被在较高的TCD区域植被覆盖度低,此范围主要是由低盖度海三棱藨草群落占据的低高程区。海三棱藨草在此区域内出现频繁达到97%,而对应的TCD超过8 m·m-2。 |
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