| WU Xiaofen,LIU Zenghong,LIAO Guanghong,WU Lingjuan. 2015. Variation of Indo-Pacific upper ocean heat content during 2001-2012 revealed by Argo. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(5):29－38 |
| Variation of Indo-Pacific upper ocean heat content during 2001-2012 revealed by Argo |
| Argo资料揭示2001-2012年印度洋太平洋上层海洋热含量变化 |
| Received:June 24, 2014 Revised:November 27, 2014 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-015-0664-1 |
| Key words:ocean heat content temperature and salinity profiles wind forcing Argo Indo-Pacific Ocean |
| 中文关键词: 海洋热含量 温盐剖面 风应力 Argo 印太海域 |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China under contract No. 2012CB955601; the Special Program for National Basic Research under contract No. 2012FY112300; the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration under contract Nos JG1207, JG1303 and SOED1307; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41206022, and 41406022. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WU Xiaofen | State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China | | LIU Zenghong | State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China | | LIAO Guanghong | State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China | | WU Lingjuan | North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Understanding of the temporal variation of oceanic heat content (OHC) is of fundamental importance to the prediction of climate change and associated global meteorological phenomena. However, OHC characteristics in the Pacific and Indian oceans are not well understood. Based on in situ ocean temperature and salinity profiles mainly from the Argo program, we estimated the upper layer (0-750 m) OHC in the Indo-Pacific Ocean (40°S-40°N, 30°E-80°W). Spatial and temporal variability of OHC and its likely physical mechanisms are also analyzed. Climatic distributions of upper-layer OHC in the Indian and Pacific oceans have a similar saddle pattern in the subtropics, and the highest OHC value was in the northern Arabian Sea. However, OHC variabilities in the two oceans were different. OHC in the Pacific has an east-west see-saw pattern, which does not appear in the Indian Ocean. In the Indian Ocean, the largest change was around 10°S. The most interesting phenomenon is that, there was a long-term shift of OHC in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during 2001-2012. Such variation coincided with modulation of subsurface temperature/salinity. During 2001-2007, there was subsurface cooling (freshening) nearly the entire upper 400 m layer in the western Pacific and warming (salting) in the eastern Pacific. During 2008-2012, the thermocline deepened in the western Pacific but shoaled in the east. In the Indian Ocean, there was only cooling (upper 150 m only) and freshening (almost the entire upper 400 m) during 2001-2007. The thermocline deepened during 2008-2012 in the Indian Ocean. Such change appeared from the equator to off the equator and even to the subtropics (about 20°N/S) in the two oceans. This long-term change of subsurface temperature/salinity may have been caused by change of the wind field over the two oceans during 2001-2012, in turn modifying OHC. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 上层海洋热含量的认识对于气候变化及相应的全球大气环境的预测预报起到非常重要的作用, 然而, 印度洋–太平洋海域(印-太海域, 下同)上层海洋热含量的变化特征仍然有待深入了解, 尤其是在Argo全球海洋观测网建立起来的前所未有的庞大数据库为这两大海域的热含量研究带来了极大的便利。本文正是主要基于Argo现场温、盐度观测剖面数据, 分析了印-太海域上层海洋热含量的气候分布和时空变化, 同时探讨了表层风应力等对于上层海洋热含量变化的影响。结果表明, 尽管印-太海域上层海洋热含量的气候态分布在热带和副热带海域趋于一致, 然而海盆间的时空变化却存在显著区别。太平洋海域上层海洋热含量变化呈显著的东-西模态, 且变化幅度要明显强于印度洋。此外, 热含量的时间序列表明两个海盆的海洋热含量在2001-2012年期间经历了一次突变, 这种突变与次表层的温、盐度振荡一致。相较后一时间段(2008-2012年), 2001-2007年期间, 西太平洋次表层出现明显降温(盐度降低), 而东太平洋则出现增温(盐度升高), 同时, 西太平洋温跃层抬升而东太平洋温跃层加深;印度洋次表层呈现出同样的降温和盐度降低情况, 并且, 次表层的这种变化不仅仅出现在赤道上, 且扩展到了副热带海域(～20°S/N)。 最后, 次表层温盐度的这种突变可能是由于两大洋的风场突变引起的, 从而进一步影响两大洋的上层海洋热含量的突变。 |
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