| LIU Huan,WU Chaoyu,WU Yaju. 2015. The energy budget under the influence of topography in the Zhujiang River Estuary in China. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(1):148－158 |
| The energy budget under the influence of topography in the Zhujiang River Estuary in China |
| 地形作用下的珠江河口能量平衡 |
| Received:October 17, 2013 Revised:October 08, 2014 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-015-0606-y |
| Key words:three-dimensional barotropic model energy dissipation momentum balance topography Zhuijang River (Pearl River) Estuary |
| 中文关键词: 三维正压模型 能量耗散 动量平衡 地形 珠江河口 |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research and development Program (973 program) of China under contract No. 2013CB956502; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41006050; the Open Research Foundation of Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute of China under contract No. 2013KJ07. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Huan | School of Marine Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Research Center of Coastal Ocean Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | | | WU Chaoyu | Research Center of Coastal Ocean Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China | eeswcy@mail.sysu.edu.cn | | WU Yaju | Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission, Guangzhou 510611, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Estuary (ZRE) is a very complicated and large-scale estuarine system in China. It consists of two parts: the river networks and the estuarine bays. Not only is the network system one of the most complicated in the world, but also each estuarine bay has a very special morphodynamic feature due to the geological settings. Morphological boundary conditions have direct effects on the energy dissipation and balance. On the basis of a three-dimensional (3-d) barotropic model whose domain includes the river networks and the estuarine bays, the energy budget is discussed under the influence of topography in the ZRE. The elevation and discharge of this model are validated by the observations collected in July 1999 and February 2001. The results show that (1) the source of energy in the ZRE is mainly generated by tides and river runoffs, which have an obvious seasonal change, and (2) there are some typical hotspots where the energy dissipation is 1-2 orders higher than those in the immediate upstream and downstream sections in the ZRE. These hotspots are linked with the small-scale dynamic structures (SSdS) and morphological units. On the basis of the characteristics of the morphology and the energy dissipation, the hotspots can be categorized into three types: the outlet of the ZRE, the meandering river, the branch and junction. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 珠江河口由河网区和河口湾区两部分组成, 是中国最复杂的大河河口之一. 不仅由于珠江河口具有世界上最复杂的河网系统, 其河口湾区的地貌动力学特征也很具特色. 地形边界对于珠江河口的潮汐能量耗散和平衡有显著影响. 本文基于包括河网区、河口湾区和近海水域的三维正压模型, 讨论了地形边界影响下的珠江河口能量平衡. 模型通过1999年洪季和2001年枯季的实测资料进行验证, 模型计算结果表明: (1)珠江河口能量来源受潮汐和径流共同作用, 季节性变化明显;(2)珠江河口存在若干高能耗区, 其单位面积能耗率比上下游河段平均能耗率高1～2个量级, 它们和一定的动力结构与地貌单元相联系. 根据地貌特征和消能特点, 可以划分为以下三种类型: "门"的高能耗区、曲折河段高能耗区和分汊汇流高能耗区. |
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