| LIN Liangshi,CAI Yihua,SUN Xiuwu,CHEN Min. 2014. On the integrity of a commercial cassette ultrafiltration membrane: implications for marine colloidal biogeochemistry. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 33(9):109－116 |
| On the integrity of a commercial cassette ultrafiltration membrane: implications for marine colloidal biogeochemistry |
| 商业平板式超滤膜包完整性检验：对海洋胶体生物地球化学研究的启示 |
| Received:March 28, 2013 Revised:October 16, 2013 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-014-0521-7 |
| Key words:cross-flow ultrafiltration membrane calibration colloidal organic carbon Jiulong River Estuary Zhujiang River Estuary |
| 中文关键词: 切向流超滤 滤膜校准 胶体有机碳 九龙江河口 珠江河口 |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research Program (973 Program) sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology under contract Nos 2014CB953700 and 2014CB953702; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40906040 and 41276063; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China; the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China under contract No. 2011J01277; the Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry of State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No. LMEB201103; the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Education of Ministry of China. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIN Liangshi | State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China | | | CAI Yihua | State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China | yihua_cai@xmu.edu.cn | | SUN Xiuwu | Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China | | | CHEN Min | State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The performance and integrity of a cassette cross-flow ultrafilter (Pellicon 2, Millipore) are examined with a suite of macromolecules of different molecular masses. The retention coefficient during the cross-flow ultrafiltration experiments increases with increasing molecular mass and reaches 90% with 10 kDa dextran in both milli-Q water and ultrafiltered seawater media. Based on a 90% retention coefficient, the molecular mass cut-off for the ultrafiltration membrane is defined at 10 kDa, which is ten times (1 kDa) that rated by the manufacturer. To further validate the accuracy of the laboratory calibration, the samples from the lower Zhujiang River and the Jiulong River Estuary are ultrafiltered with the cassette ultrafiltration membrane and the colloidal organic carbon abundances in these samples are quantified with the ultrafiltration permeation model based on time series permeation subsamples. The colloidal organic carbon abundances are 5.8%-21.1% in the Jiulong River Estuary and 5.6%-11.0% in the lower Zhujiang River. These are consistent with the reported values for both estuaries as well as with the colloidal organic carbon abundances in marine environments over the coastal and open oceans with 10 kDa cut-off membranes. Therefore, these field data support the laboratory calibration result and indicate the validity of the experimental and quantification procedure adopted. The discrepancy between the nominal molecular mass cut-off and the actual pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane should be of great concern for research in colloidal and nanoparticle biogeochemistry. Careful examination of the membrane integrity should be taken during ultrafiltration experiments in order to avoid misleading molecular mass cut-off information. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究利用一系列不同分子量的大分子测试了平板式切向流超滤系统（Pellicon 2，Millpore）的行为和完整性。在切向流超滤实验中，截留系数随着大分子分子量的增大而增加；10 kDa葡聚糖在milli-Q水和预超滤海水中的截留系数都可达到90%。以90%的截留效率为标准，该系统超滤膜孔径可以标定为10 kDa，十倍于厂商标定值（1 kDa）。为了进一步确定实验室标定的准确性，本研究采用这一切向流超滤系统对采自珠江和九龙江河口的样品进行超滤实验，在实验过程中收集时间序列样品并通过超滤渗透模型拟合计算胶体有机碳浓度。结果表明，九龙江河口及珠江胶体有机碳丰度分别为5.8%-21.1%和5.6%-11.0%。这不仅与之前在该河口和河流所报道的利用10 kDa超滤膜截留到的胶体有机碳的丰度一致，也与文献中报道的近岸和开阔大洋相同粒径范围内的胶体有机碳丰度相吻合。因此，这些实地调查数据支持了我们实验室标定结果并且证明了实验程序和所采用的定量方法的科考性。超滤膜孔径的实际标定值与厂商标定值的差异是胶体和纳米颗粒生物地球化学研究中的关键问题所在。在超滤实验前必须对超滤膜包完整性进行仔细校准，以避免得到错误的截留分子粒径信息。 |
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