| ZHU Yaohua,WEI Zexun,WANG Yonggang,GUAN Yuping,WANG Xinyi. 2014. The annual mean sketches and climatological variability of the volume and heat transports through the inter-basin passages: A study based on 1 400-year spin up of MOM4p1. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 33(9):12－24 |
| The annual mean sketches and climatological variability of the volume and heat transports through the inter-basin passages: A study based on 1 400-year spin up of MOM4p1 |
| 洋际通道的体积和热输运的年平均结构及季节变化：MOM4P1积分1400年的结果 |
| Received:November 21, 2013 Revised:June 12, 2014 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-014-0513-7 |
| Key words:volume transport heat transport global ocean circulation inter-basin passages climatological variability |
| 中文关键词: 体积输运 热输运 大洋环流 洋际通道季节变化 数值模拟 |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research Program Grant of China under contract No. 2011CB403502; the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) under contract No. 2013AA09A506; the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Program under contract No. GASI-03-01-01-04; the International Cooperation Program Grant of China under contract No. 2010DFB23580; author Guan Yuping is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40976011 and 91228202. |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHU Yaohua | Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China | | | WEI Zexun | Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China | weizx@fio.org.cn | | WANG Yonggang | Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China | | | GUAN Yuping | State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China | | | WANG Xinyi | Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The annual mean volume and heat transport sketches through the inter-basin passages and transoceanic sections have been constructed based on 1 400-year spin up results of the MOM4p1. The spin up starts from a state of rest, driven by the monthly climatological mean force from the NOAA World Ocean Atlas (1994). The volume transport sketch reveals the northward transport throughout the Pacific and southward transport at all latitudes in the Atlantic. The annual mean strength of the Pacific-Arctic-Atlantic through flow is 0.63×106 m3/s in the Bering Strait. The majority of the northward volume transport in the southern Pacific turns into the Indonesian through flow (ITF) and joins the Indian Ocean equatorial current, which subsequently flows out southward from the Mozambique Channel, with its majority superimposed on the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). This anti-cyclonic circulation around Australia has a strength of 11×106 m3/s according to the model-produced result. The atmospheric fresh water transport, known as P-E+R (precipitation minus evaporation plus runoff), constructs a complement to the horizontal volume transport of the ocean. The annual mean heat transport sketch exhibits a northward heat transport in the Atlantic and poleward heat transport in the global ocean. The surface heat flux acts as a complement to the horizontal heat transport of the ocean. The climatological volume transports describe the most important features through the inter-basin passages and in the associated basins, including: the positive P-E+R in the Arctic substantially strengthening the East Greenland Current in summer; semiannual variability of the volume transport in the Drake Passage and the southern Atlantic-Indian Ocean passage; and annual transport variability of the ITF intensifying in the boreal summer. The climatological heat transports show heat storage in July and heat deficit in January in the Arctic; heat storage in January and heat deficit in July in the Antarctic circumpolar current regime (ACCR); and intensified heat transport of the ITF in July. The volume transport of the ITF is synchronous with the volume transport through the southern Indo-Pacific sections, but the year-long southward heat transport of the ITF is out of phase with the heat transport through the equatorial Pacific, which is northward before May and southward after May. This clarifies the majority of the ITF originating from the southern Pacific Ocean. |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本文基于订正的Hellerman Rosenstein（1983）风场和NOAA WOA（1994）水文资料对MOM4P1进行了1400年冷启动积分，定量给出了洋际通道和主要跨大洋断面的年平均体积、热输运图以及它们与海表水、热通量的平衡关系。体积输运图揭示了太平洋各纬度上的北向输运和大西洋各纬度上的南向输运的特征。太平洋-北冰洋-大西洋贯穿流于白令海峡的年平均强度是0.63Sv。南太平洋北向体积输运中的大多数将转变为印度尼西亚贯穿流（ITF）并加入印度洋赤道流，随后由莫桑比克海峡向南流出，其大部回流加入南极绕极流（ACC）。根据本文模式的结果，该环绕澳大利亚的大尺度反气旋式环流的强度约为11Sv。大气中的水汽输运构成了海洋水体输运的补偿。年平均热输运图展现了大西洋的北向热输运和全球大洋的极向热输运。海表热通量则构成了海洋热输运的补偿。季节性的体积输运展现了其在洋际通道及相关海域最重要的特征，包括：北冰洋的净降水与径流在一定程度上加强了东格陵兰海流的夏季流量；徳雷克海峡与非洲以南ACC流域的体积输运具有半年周期变化特征；ITF具有7月加强的年周期变化特征。季节性的热输运显示了在北冰洋夏季的热积聚和冬季的热赤字；ACC流域1月的热积聚和7月的热赤字；ITF7月加强的热输运等重要特征。结果表明，ITF的体积输运与南太平洋、南印度洋的体积输运同步，但全年南向的ITF热输运与赤道太平洋的热输运不同步。后者在五月以前向北，五月以后向南，佐证了ITF源自南太平洋的水体输运。 |
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