| Liu Mengtan,Tao Zhencheng,Zhang Ye,Yang Guang,Sun Song,Li Chaolun,Le Fengfeng.Feeding strategies of Euphausia superba in the eastern South Shetland Islands in austral summer[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2019,38(10):75-83 |
| 南极夏季南设德兰群岛东部海域南极大磷虾的摄食策略 |
| Feeding strategies of Euphausia superba in the eastern South Shetland Islands in austral summer |
| 投稿时间：2018-08-06 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-019-1392-8 |
| 中文关键词: 南极大磷虾|南设德兰群岛|脂肪酸|同位素 |
| 英文关键词:Euphausia superba|South Shetland Islands|fatty acids|stable isotopes |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41406159; the Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China under contract No. 2017FY100803; the Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation & Assessment Programmes under contract No. CHINARE2016-01-05; the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology under contract No. 2015ASKJ02. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 南极大磷虾（Euphausia superba）是南大洋的关键种，对其营养动力学的研究对于了解南大洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程至关重要。本文以脂肪酸标记法、同位素标记法和培养实验相结合的方法研究了南极夏季南设德兰群岛东部海域南极大磷虾的摄食策略。结果表明，成体南极大磷虾主要摄食2-20μm范围的微型浮游生物。其中，浮游植物特别是硅藻仍然是其食物的主要组成部分，甲藻、小型桡足类和原生动物对南极大磷虾食物的贡献依不同生境而存在差异。南极大磷虾的体长、湿重与δ15N显著正相关，表明其食性会随着其发育过程发生变化。通过主成分分析和对C16：1ω7/C18：4ω3的分析发现，与南极大磷虾成体相比，幼体会摄入更多的甲藻。研究区域内不同站位南极大磷虾的摄食存在空间差异。D2-07，D5-07，DA-01和DA-02站的成体具有较高含量的C16：1ω7，C18：4ω3，C18：1ω9和C18：1ω9/C18：1ω7，表明其摄食了较多的浮游植物和更高营养级的动物性饵料。而D1-03和D1-04站的成体则具有较高的PUFA/SFA和较低含量的C16：1ω7，C18：1ω7，C18：4ω3，C18：1ω9和TFA，这可能是因为它们在越冬之后仍然处于非常不利的食物环境中。不同站位之间的摄食差异表明该海域的南极大磷虾会根据不同的环境条件调整其摄食策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Euphausia superba is a key species in the Southern Ocean that serves as a link between primary production and higher trophic levels. To investigate the feeding strategies of E. superba from the eastern South Shetland Islands, fatty acid biomarkers, stable isotope signatures, and an incubation experiment were conducted. The results of the incubation experiment proved that adult E. superba mainly fed on 2–20 μm particles, demonstrating the importance of nanoplankton in their diet. Moreover, significant positive relationships between δ15N and body size demonstrated that size-related dietary shifts were present in E. superba. Evidence from principal component analysis and the C16:1ω7/C18:4ω3 ratio showed that juveniles preferentially fed on dinoflagellates and adults were more likely to feed on diatoms. Fatty acid profiles in adult E. superba roughly mirrored the different trophic conditions and feeding strategies between stations. Adult E. superba at Stas D2-07, D5-07, DA-01 and DA-02 exhibited elevated levels of C16:1ω7, C18:4ω3, C18:1ω9 and C18:1ω9/C18:1ω7, indicating higher levels of feeding on both phytoplankton and higher trophic diets. In contrast, adult E. superba at Stas D1-03 and D1-04 were characterized by high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratios and low levels of C16:1ω7, C18:1ω7, C18:4ω3, C18:1ω9 and total fatty acids. We inferred that adult krill at Stas D1-03 and D1-04 still suffered from difficult dietary conditions after overwintering. The different dietary conditions between stations suggest a highly plastic feeding strategy of E. superba in the eastern South Shetland Islands. |
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