| SHI Yuxin,XIE Lingling,ZHENG Quanan,ZHANG Shuwen,LI Mingming,LI Junyi.Unusual coastal ocean cooling in the northern South China Sea by a katabatic cold jet associated with Typhoon Mujigea (2015)[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2019,38(5):62-75 |
| 2015年台风“彩虹”过境后下山冷急流引起的南海北部海域异常海面降温 |
| Unusual coastal ocean cooling in the northern South China Sea by a katabatic cold jet associated with Typhoon Mujigea (2015) |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-16 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-019-1440-4 |
| 中文关键词: 台风“彩虹” 二次降温 下山冷急流 南海 西风带 |
| 英文关键词:Typhoon Mujigea (2015) second-round cooling katabatic cold jet South China Sea westerly wind front |
| 基金项目:Foundation item:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41776034, 41476009 and 41706025; the GASI Project under contract Nos GASI-IPOVAI-01-02 and GASI-02-SCS-YGST2-02; the Natural Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No 2016YFC1401403; the Foundation of Guangdong Province for Outstanding Young Teachers in University under contract No. YQ201588. |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 石雨鑫 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088 | | | 谢玲玲 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088 | llingxie@163.com | | 郑全安 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088
美国马里兰大学大气与海洋科学系, 马里兰科利奇帕克, 美国, 20742 | | | 张书文 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088 | | | 李明明 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088 | | | 李君益 | 广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警重点实验室(广东海洋大学), 湛江, 524088 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文研究了2015年10月台风"彩虹"过境南海北部陆架后，近岸海域发生的异常降温事件。通过分析10月3日-18日海面温度SST卫星资料的时间序列，发现近岸降温过程分为两个不同的阶段。第一阶段降温，自10月3日台风过境后立即发生，至10月7日达到最大降幅-2℃，这与台风过境后常见的冷迹现象类似。第二阶段为异常降温，自10月10日即台风过后7天开始，持续降温5天，于10月10月15日达到最大降幅-4℃，此时已是台风过境后第12天。天气图分析发现，台风"彩虹"登陆后继续西北方向前行，于10月5日到达云贵高原一带，与北侧的西风带锋面相遇。台风的低压及正涡度扰动增强了锋面不稳定，诱发了经向大气流动，从而使得青藏高原的冷空气以下山冷急流风（katabatic jet）形式南下，途径云贵通道，入侵南海北部。二次降温过程中，气温于10月11日达到最大降温，降幅-9℃，海洋最大降温时间比大气晚4天。近岸三个区域的同步气温和海温的对比分析表明，正是台风扰动引起的下山冷急流的入侵，使得南海北部海域SST在台风过境后出现了异常的二次降温现象。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study deals with a unusual cooling event after Typhoon Mujigea passed over the northern South China Sea (SCS) in October 2015. We analyze the satellite sea surface temperature (SST) time series from October 3 to 18, 2015 and find that the cooling process in the coastal ocean had two different stages. The first stage occurred immediately after typhoon passage on October 3, and reached a maximum SST drop of -2℃ on October 7 as the usual cold wake after typhoon. The second stage or the unusual extended cooling event occurred after 7 d of the typhoon passage, and lasted for 5 d from October 10 to 15. The maximum SST cooling was -4℃ and occurred after 12 d of typhoon passage. The mechanism analysis results indicate that after landing and moving northwestward to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (YGP), Typhoon Mujigea (2015) met the westerly wind front on October 5. The low-pressure and positive-vorticity disturbances to the front triggered meridional air flow and low-pressure trough, thus induced a katabatic cold jet downward from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) passing through the YGP to the northwestern SCS. The second cooling reached the maximum SST drop 4 d later after the maximum air temperature drop of -9℃ on October 11. The simultaneous air temperature and SST observations at three coastal stations reveal that it is this katabatic cold jet intrusion to lead the unusual SST cooling event. |
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