太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群资源丰度变动对ENSO事件的响应研究

余为; 张扬; 陈新军; 易倩; 钱卫国

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YU Wei,ZHANG Yang,CHEN Xinjun,YI Qian,QIAN Weiguo.Response of winter cohort abundance of Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus to the ENSO events[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2018,37(6):61-71

太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群资源丰度变动对ENSO事件的响应研究

Response of winter cohort abundance of Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus to the ENSO events

投稿时间：2017-05-17 修订日期：2017-12-29

DOI：10.1007/s13131-018-1186-4

中文关键词: 太平洋褶柔鱼资源丰度产卵场厄尔尼诺拉尼娜

英文关键词:Todarodes pacificus squid abundance spawning ground El Niño La Niña

基金项目:China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under contract No. 2017M611612; the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China under contract No. 2013BAD13B01; the Doctoral Startup Scientific Research Foundation of Shanghai Ocean University under contract No. A2-0203-17-100313; the Open Fund for Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources under contract No. A1-0203-00-2009-5; the Shanghai Universities First-Class Disciplines Project (Fisheries A).

作者	单位	E-mail
余为	上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310012 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306 远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306
张扬	国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310012
陈新军	上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306 远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306	xjchen@shou.edu.cn
易倩	上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306 远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306
钱卫国	上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306 远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306

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中文摘要:

太平洋褶柔鱼为大洋性经济鱼种，具有一年生命周期，其资源变动受气候和海洋环境条件的显著影响。本研究根据日本提供的2003-2012年太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体的渔业统计数据，结合产卵场环境数据以及尼诺指数ONI（定义为Niño 3.4区海表温度距平值），分析不同气候条件下（厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜）太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场海表温度（SST）、叶绿素a（Chl-a）浓度以及适宜产卵面积（SSA）的变动情况及对其资源丰度（CPUE）的影响。结果表明，太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场SST、Chl-a浓度和SSA具有明显的季节性变化。相关分析表明，各年CPUE与Chl-a浓度以及SSA具有显著的正相关关系（p<0.05），但与SST相关性不显著（p>0.05）。此外，厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件通过驱动太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场SSA和关键海域（25°-29°N，122.5°-130.5°E）内的Chl-a空间分布和大小变化，从而改变其资源丰度，但影响作用随各异常事件的强度不同而变化，具体表现为：发生弱强度厄尔尼诺事件时，产卵场SSA较高，Chl-a浓度处于较低水平，导致资源补充量处于较低水平，CPUE降低；发生中等强度厄尔尼诺事件时，产卵场SSA较低，但Chl-a浓度处于较高水平，导致资源补充量增加，CPUE处于上升水平；发生中等强度拉尼娜事件时，产卵场SSA和Chl-a浓度均处于较高水平，资源补充量显著增加，CPUE显著升高。研究表明，厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件对太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场摄食孵化环境和资源丰度变动具有显著影响。

英文摘要:

The Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus is an economically important species with one year lifespan, which is significantly influenced by climatic and environmental variability. According to the fishery data of the winter cohort of T. pacificus from 2003 to 2012, as well as environmental data and the Oceanic Niño index (ONI, which was defined by the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the Niño 3.4 region), variations in the SST, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration, suitable spawning area (SSA) and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) on the spawning ground of T. pacificus were examined under the El Niño and La Niña conditions. Their influences on squid abundance (defined by catch per unit effort, CPUE) were further assessed. The results showed that seasonal changes were found in SST, Chl a and SSA on the spawning ground of T. pacificus. Correlation analysis suggested that annual CPUE was significantly positively correlated with Chl a and SSA (p<0.05), but had insignificant relationship with SST (p>0.05). Moreover, the El Niño and La Niña events tended to dominate the changes of SSA and Chl a concentration in the key area between 25°-29°N and 122.5°-130.5°E, driving the variability of squid abundance. However, this influence varied with the intensity of each anomalous climatic event:the weak El Niño event occurred, the spawning ground was occupied by waters with enlarged SSA but with extremely low Chl a concentration, leading to low squid recruitment, the CPUE then decreased; the moderate intensity of El Niño event resulted in shrunk SSA but with high Chl a concentration on the spawning ground, the squid recruitment and CPUE increased; the moderate intensity of La Niña events yielded elevated SSA and high Chl a concentration on the spawning ground, the squid recruitment and CPUE dramatically increased. Our findings suggested that the ENSO events played crucial effects on the incubating and feeding conditions of the winter cohort of T. pacificus during the spawning season and ultimately affected its abundance.

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