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LIU Yunlong,LIU Cai,TAO Chunhui,YAO Huajian,QIU Lei,WANG Ao,RUAN Aiguo,WANG Hanchuang,ZHOU Jianping,LI Huaiming,DONG Chuanwan.Time correction of the ocean bottom seismometers deployed at the southwest Indian ridge using ambient noise cross-correlation[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2018,37(5):39-46
基于背景噪声互相关技术的海底地震仪的时钟校正方法在西南印度洋脊的应用
Time correction of the ocean bottom seismometers deployed at the southwest Indian ridge using ambient noise cross-correlation
投稿时间:2017-09-07  修订日期:2018-01-03
DOI:10.1007/s13131-018-1209-1
中文关键词:  钟漂  互相关  背景噪声  海底地震仪
英文关键词:clock drift  cross-correlation  ambient noise  OBS
基金项目:China Ocean Mineral Resources R & D Association Major Project under contract No. DY135-S1-01; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41506078, 41706042 and 41522404; the Basic Research Foundation of Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA under contract No. JG0608.
作者单位E-mail
柳云龙 吉林大学, 地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春, 130026
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012 
 
刘财 吉林大学, 地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春, 130026  
陶春辉 吉林大学, 地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春, 130026
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012 
taochunhuimail@163.com 
姚华建 中国科技大学地球与空间科学学院, 地震与地球内部物理实验室, 合肥, 230026  
丘磊 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012  
王奡 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012
中国地质大学(武汉), 地球物理与空间信息学院, 武汉, 430074 
 
阮爱国 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012  
王汉闯 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012  
周建平 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012  
李怀明 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012  
董传万 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 海底科学重点实验室, 杭州, 310012
浙江大学, 地球科学学院, 杭州, 310027 
 
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中文摘要:
      利用海底地震仪进行地震监测是调查远离大陆的洋中脊地震非常有效的手段。由于电磁波信号不能在水中传播,海底地震仪之间的时间同步非常困难。假设时钟漂移是线性的,那么其校正可以通过海底地震仪投放前后与GPS对时的方式来完成。然而,中国大洋34航次在西南印度洋脊布放的部分海底地震仪回收后,由于仪器故障不能与GPS进行对钟。因此,我们采用一种基于背景噪声互相关技术的时间对称性分析方法来估计台站间的时钟误差。首先利用钟漂已知的中国大洋40航次海底地震数据的每天噪声互相关函数来测试时间对称性分析方法的可行性,结果表明任意两个台站的面波互相关函数的走时随时间向着相反的方向发展;其次讨论了不同的地震数据分量,频带范围,振幅归一化方法等参数对互相关结果的影响,我们发现时间对称分析方法在经过2-5 s滤波后的水听器分量数据中应用效果最佳。最后将该方法应用到中国大洋34航次108天地震监测数据中,得到海底地震台站之间累积的最大钟漂约为2 s。根据实际应用的效果,我们证实了在没有GPS授时情况下选择合适的参数利用背景噪声互相关方法是的一种切实可行的时钟校正方法。
英文摘要:
      Seismic monitoring using ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) is an efficient method for investigating earthquakes in mid-ocean ridge far away from land. Clock synchronization among the OBSs is difficult without direct communication because electromagnetic signals cannot propagate efficiently in water. Time correction can be estimated through global positioning system (GPS) synchronization if clock drift is linear before and after the deployment. However, some OBSs in the experiments at the southwest Indian ridge (SWIR) on the Chinese DY125-34 cruise had not been re-synchronized from GPS after recovery. So we attempted to estimate clock drift between each station pairs using time symmetry analysis (TSA) based on ambient noise cross-correlation. We tested the feasibility of the TSA method by analyzing daily noise cross-correlation functions (NCFs) that extract from the data of another OBS experiment on the Chinese DY125-40 cruise with known clock drift and the same deployment site. The results suggest that the NCFs' travel time of surface wave between any two stations are symmetrical and have an opposite growing direction with the date. The influence of different band-pass filters, different components and different normalized methods was discussed. The TSA method appeared to be optimal for the hydrophone data within the period band of 2-5 s in dozens of km-scale interstation distances. A significant clock drift of~2 s was estimated between OBSs sets through linear regression during a 108-d deployment on the Chinese cruise DY125-34. Time correction of the OBS by the ambient noise cross-correlation was demonstrated as a practical approach with the appropriate parameters in case of no GPS re-synchronization.
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