| LIU Lihua,FU Shaoying,ZHANG Mei,GUAN Hongxiang,WU Nengyou.Coupled carbon and sulfur isotope behaviors and other geochemical perspectives into marine methane seepage[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2017,36(6):12-22 |
| 耦合碳、硫同位素及其它地球化学指征研究海底甲烷渗漏 |
| Coupled carbon and sulfur isotope behaviors and other geochemical perspectives into marine methane seepage |
| 投稿时间：2016-04-12 修订日期：2016-09-27 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-017-0998-y |
| 中文关键词: 甲烷渗漏 自生矿物 碳同位素 硫同位素 数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词:marine seepage authigenic minerals carbon isotopes sulfur isotopes numerical simulation |
| 基金项目:The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41376076; the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under contract No. 2015A030313718; the Scientific Cooperative Project by China National Petroleum Corporation and Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. 2015A-4813; the National Marine Geological Project, China Geological Survey under contract No. GZH2012006003. |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘丽华 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 中国科学院天然气水合物重点研究实验室, 广州 510640 | liulh@ms.giec.ac.cn | | 付少英 | 广州海洋地质调查局, 广州 510760 | | | 张美 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 中国科学院天然气水合物重点研究实验室, 广州 510640 | | | 管红香 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 中国科学院天然气水合物重点研究实验室, 广州 510640 | | | 吴能友 | 国土资源部天然气水合物重点实验室, 青岛海洋地质研究所, 青岛 266071
海洋国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 青岛 266071 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 甲烷渗漏是海洋深部水合物存在的一个标志，对石油，天然气和水合物的勘探具有重要的指示意义。冷泉区繁育着大量依靠碳氢化合物供给营养的微生物和宏观生物，这些生物的代谢作用有利于自生矿物的形成、沉淀。因此，甲烷渗漏对理解海洋环境和生态系统具有重要帮助。甲烷渗漏随时间变化表现为活动或休眠两种状态。当前，地球物理和地球化学调查发现了大量甲烷渗漏，但只有地球化学方法可以揭示正在休眠期的渗漏区域。活动区具有高甲烷浓度，硫酸盐浓度快速递减，低硫化氢、低溶解无机碳（DIC），高硫酸盐还原和甲烷厌氧氧化速率。休眠区产出有特殊生物标志物冷泉碳酸盐岩，富34S的硫酸盐和34S亏损的黄铁矿，而且碳酸盐岩，DIC以及甲烷气体13C极度亏损。本文通过研究渗漏区流体的组分及含量，矿物组成和相应的C，S同位素分馏，探索甲烷来源，矿物沉淀机理，甲烷渗漏期次及迁移路径。同时利用这些结果建立数值模型，可以深刻了解沉积物和古海洋环境中甲烷的渗漏方式和强度。遗憾的是区域性的非活动期调查还很有限，大多数的地球化学和数值模拟研究都针对特点站位开展。将来，期待更多区域的研究工作来加深我们对于甲烷渗漏机制的理解。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Methane seepage is the signal of the deep hydrocarbon reservoir. The determination of seepage is significant to the exploration of petroleum, gas and gas hydrate. The seepage habits microbial and macrofaunal life which is fueled by the hydrocarbons, the metabolic byproducts facilitate the precipitation of authigenic minerals. The study of methane seepage is also important to understand the oceanographic condition and local ecosystem. The seepage could be active or quiescent at different times. The geophysical surveys and the geochemical determinations reveal the existence of seepage. Among these methods, only geochemical determination could expose message of the dormant seepages. The active seepage demonstrates high porewater methane concentration with rapid SO42- depleted, low H2S and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), higher rates of sulfate reduction (SR) and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). The quiescent seepage typically develops authigenic carbonates with specific biomarkers, with extremely depleted 13C in gas, DIC and carbonates and with enriched 34S sulfate and depleted 34S pyrite. The origin of methane, minerals precipitation, the scenario of seepage and the possible method of immigration could be determined by the integration of solutes concentration, mineral composition and isotopic fractionation of carbon, sulfur. Numerical models with the integrated results provide useful insight into the nature and intensity of methane seepage occurring in the sediment and paleo-oceanographic conditions. Unfortunately, the intensive investigation of a specific area with dormant seep is still limit. Most seepage and modeling studies are site-specific and little attempt has been made to extrapolate the results to larger scales. Further research is thus needed to foster our understanding of the methane seepage. |
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