| REN Zhiyuan,YUAN Ye,WANG Peitao,FAN Tingting,WANG Juncheng,HOU Jingming.The September 16, 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile Earthquake: characteristics of tsunami wave from near-field to far-field[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2017,36(5):73-82 |
| 2015年9月16日智利Mw 8.3级地震:海啸波从近场到远场的特征分析 |
| The September 16, 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile Earthquake: characteristics of tsunami wave from near-field to far-field |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-06 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-017-1005-3 |
| 中文关键词: 智利地震海啸 海啸监测 数值模拟 远场 近场 |
| 英文关键词:2015 Illapel earthquake tsunami observation numerical modeling far-field near-field |
| 基金项目:The Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No. 201405026; the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2016YFC1401500; the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering under contract No. 1604. |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 任智源 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | | | 原野 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | yuanye@nmefc.gov.cn | | 王培涛 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | | | 范婷婷 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | | | 王君成 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | | | 侯京明 | 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京, 100081 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2015年9月16日，智利海岸发生Mw 8.3级地震，地震引发了局地海啸，在Coquimbo站监测到了4.4 m的海啸波。本文分别针对USGS的单一板块震源和NOAA海啸源数据库反演得到的多板块震源，基于实测数据分析和数值模拟相结合的方法分析海啸波从近场到远场的特征规律。本文选取了16个深水浮标，10个近岸潮位站，以及10个远场潮位站。采用基于非线性浅水方程的数值模型模拟得到的海啸波面时间序列与实测结果在深水浮标处较为吻合。由于近岸地形复杂、地形精度的精细度不够，在近岸潮位站的模拟结果与监测数据存在偏差。在近场的沿岸，海啸的最大波幅从0.1 m到2 m分布（Coquimbo站除外）。通过分析海啸波在深水中的传播过程，发现最大波幅从9.8 cm衰减为0.8 cm，表明在太平洋范围的深水传播过程是厘米尺度的海啸，频谱分析显示海啸波的周期为13~17 min和32 min。在距离震中超过一万公里的近岸，由于海啸的爬高过程和陆地边界反射引起的共振，使得海啸波的最大波幅增大到0.2 m~0.8 m。尽管此次地震海啸事件的影响较小，在当地仍然引起了不可忽视的海啸灾害以及整个太平洋范围内的海水波动。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| On September 16, 2015, an earthquake with magnitude of Mw 8.3 occurred 46 km offshore from Illapel, Chile, generating a 4.4-m local tsunami measured at Coquimbo. In this study, the characteristics of tsunami are presented by a combination of analysis of observations and numerical simulation based on sources of USGS and NOAA. The records of 16 DART buoys in deep water, ten tidal gauges along coasts of near-field, and ten coastal gauges in the far-field are studied by applying Fourier analyses. The numerical simulation based on nonlinear shallow water equations and nested grids is carried out to provide overall tsunami propagation scenarios, and the results match well with the observations in deep water and but not well in coasts closed to the epicenter. Due to the short distance to the epicenter and the shelf resonance of southern Peru and Chile, the maximum amplitude ranged from 0.1 m to 2 m, except for Coquimbo. In deep water, the maximum amplitude of buoys decayed from 9.8 cm to 0.8 cm, suggesting a centimeter-scale Pacific-wide tsunami, while the governing period was 13-17 min and 32 min. Whereas in the far-field coastal region, the tsunami wave amplified to be around 0.2 m to 0.8 m, mostly as a result of run-up effect and resonance from coast reflection. Although the tsunami was relatively moderate in deep water, it still produced non-negligible tsunami hazards in local region and the coasts of far-field. |
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