| WANG Mosang,WANG Weiji,XIAO Guangxia,LIU Kefeng,HU Yulong,TIAN Tao,KONG Jie,JIN Xianshi.Genetic diversity analysis of spawner and recaptured populations of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) during stock enhancement in the Bohai Bay based on an SSR marker[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,35(8):51-56 |
| 基于微卫星(SSR)分子标记的中国对虾渤海湾增殖亲虾群体及回捕群体的遗传多样性分析 |
| Genetic diversity analysis of spawner and recaptured populations of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) during stock enhancement in the Bohai Bay based on an SSR marker |
| 投稿时间：2015-07-01 修订日期：2015-11-30 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-016-0830-0 |
| 中文关键词: 中国对虾 微卫星 遗传多样性 近交 有效群体大小 |
| 英文关键词:Fenneropenaeus chinensis SSR genetic diversity inbreeding effective population size |
| 基金项目:The National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) Adaptive Response of Fishery Species to Environmental Changes and Their Effects on Population Dynamics under contract No. 2015CB453303; the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China under contract No. 2013DFA31410. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究共使用8个微卫星位点对2013年渤海湾中国对虾放流亲本群体及回捕群体的遗传多样性、近交水平以及有效群体大小进行分析。8个微卫星位点在亲本群体及回捕群体中总共分别发现了254个及238个等位基因。每个位点的等位基因数量（Na）分别为8～63和6～69，有效等位基因数（Ne）分别为2.52～21.60和2.67～20.72, 多态性信息含量（PIC）为 0.529～0.952。 观测杂合度（Ho）（0.638～0.917和0.712～0.927）均低于期望杂合度（He）（0.603～0.954和0.625～0.952）， 两个群体具有较高的遗传多样性。在16个群体位点中（2个群体×8个位点），13个位点发生了Hardy-Weinberg平衡偏离。 7个位点的Fis 为正值，通过trioML 最大似然法计算得到近交系数（F）分别为13.234%和11.603%, 产生了一定程度的近交，而近交衰退的程度还无法确定。Fst 的范围为0～0.059，平均值为0.028，两个群体遗传差异较小。有效群体大小(3060.2和3842.8) 均高于群体维持适应环境进化潜力的最小值。为保证遗传多样性及有效群体大小的稳定，建议2014年渤海湾放流亲虾数量为7686～19214。而经济成本、捕捞强度以及合理亲虾数量三者之间的放流策略仍需进一步调整。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Eight microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic diversity, level of inbreeding, and effective population size of spawner and recaptured populations of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) during stock enhancement in the Bohai Bay in 2013. A total of 254 and 238 alleles were identified in the spawner and recaptured populations, respectively, and the numbers of alleles (Na) were 8-63 and 6-60, respectively. The numbers of effective alleles (Ne) were 2.52-21.60 and 2.67-20.72, respectively. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.529 to 0.952. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) values (0.638-0.910 and 0.712-0.927) were lower than the expected heterozygosity (He) values (0.603-0.954 and 0.625-0.952), which indicated that the two populations possessed a rich genetic diversity. In 16 tests (2 populations×8 loci), 13 tests deviated from the HardyWeinberg equilibrium. Fis values were positive at seven loci and the inbreeding coefficients (F) of the two populations estimated by trioML were 13.234% and 11.603%, suggesting that there was a relatively high degree of inbreeding. A certain level of inbreeding depression had occurred in the Chinese shrimp population. Fst values ranged from 0 to 0.059, with a mean of 0.028, displaying a low level of genetic differentiation in the two populations. Effective population sizes (3 060.2 and 3 842.8) were higher than the minimum number suggested for retaining the evolutionary potential to adapt to new environmental conditions. For enhancement activity in 2014, the ideal number of captured shrimp spawners should have ranged from 7 686 to 19 214 to maintain genetic diversity and effective population size. Further strategies to adjust the balance of economic cost, fishing effort and ideal number of shrimp spawners to maintain a satisfactory effective population size for ensuring the sustainability of Chinese shrimp are proposed. |
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