| BI Fan,SONG Jinbao,WU Kejian,XU Yao.Evaluation of the simulation capability of the Wavewatch Ⅲ model for Pacific Ocean wave[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(9):43-57 |
| 基于Wavewatch Ⅲ模式的太平洋海浪模拟评估 |
| Evaluation of the simulation capability of the Wavewatch Ⅲ model for Pacific Ocean wave |
| 投稿时间：2014-10-31 修订日期：2015-03-23 |
| DOI：10.1007/s13131-015-0737-1 |
| 中文关键词: Wavewatch Ⅲ 评估 太平洋 输入耗散源函数 波浪通量 Stokes输运 |
| 英文关键词:Wavewatch Ⅲ evaluation Pacific Ocean source and sink term packages wave-induced flux Stokes transport |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 毕凡 | 中国科学院海洋研究所, 海洋环流与波动重点实验室, 青岛 266071
浙江大学, 海洋学院, 杭州 310058 | | | 宋金宝 | 中国海洋大学, 海洋环境学院, 青岛 266100 | songjb@zju.edu.cn | | 吴克俭 | 浙江大学, 海洋学院, 杭州 310058
中国海洋大学, 物理海洋教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266003 | | | 徐尧 | 中国科学院海洋研究所, 海洋环流与波动重点实验室, 青岛 266071 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 相对准确和可靠的波浪要素后报对波侯的统计及其他依赖波参数的研究十分重要。本文基于海浪模式Wavewatch Ⅲ(v3.14和v4.18)中五种不同类型的能量输入和耗散源函数方案设置,进行太平洋波浪模拟,并与高度计波高、星载合成孔径雷达反演的涌浪及浮标观测的波要素及波谱进行结果对比。除传统的整体波要素的对比外,还利用谱分离方法进行波浪系统和谱分量的模拟评估。文中使用的模式评估算法(PS)可以有效减少对比量的数目,有利于对模式模拟能力进行整体评价。同时为去除仅依赖均方误差的评估方法可能带来的偏差,引入另一组算法(HH)来进行检验,确保评估结果的可靠性。对比各组源函数设置发现,广泛使用的TC方案在整体模拟效果方面较有效,但对波浪耗散物理过程的描述有所欠缺;ST4方案也保持了对整体波参数的较好模拟,同时对多个波浪系统并存的情况模拟较好;最新发布的ST6方案在模拟涌浪系统的变化方面稍有优势。而模式3.14版本中的ACC350和BJA方案在各种波况下模拟都更离散。鉴于此,选择前三种更优的方案,进行波浪动量通量(从波浪水体输运角度)的进一步模拟对比。结果表明,利用ST4方案计算的输运量与NDBC浮标所得最为接近,TC和ST6方案在混合浪情况下分别高估和低估了输运量。这在海-气-浪相互作用或上层海洋相关研究中需要注意。以上的评估结果使得在后续的太平洋波况、中国近海涌浪类型分析等研究中首选ST4方案进行波浪后报。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Wave climate analysis and other applications for the Pacific Ocean require a reliable wave hindcast. Five source and sink term packages in the Wavewatch Ⅲ model (v3.14 and v4.18) are compared and assessed in this study through comprehensive observations, including altimeter significant wave height, advanced synthetic aperture radar swell, and buoy wave parameters and spectrum. In addition to the evaluation of typically used integral parameters, the spectra partitioning method contributes to the detailed wave system and wave maturity validation. The modified performance evaluation method (PS) effectively reduces attribute numbers and facilitates the overall assessment. To avoid possible misleading results in the root mean square error-based validations, another indicator called HH (indicating the two authors) is also calculated to guarantee the consistency of the results. The widely used Tolman and Chalikov (TC) package is still generally efficient in determining the integral properties of wave spectra but is physically deficient in explaining the dissipation processes. The ST4 package performs well in overall wave parameters and significantly improves the accuracy of wave systems in the open ocean. Meanwhile, the newly published ST6 package is slightly better in determining swell energy variations. The two packages (ACC350 and BJA) obtained from Wavewatch Ⅲ v3.14 exhibit large scatters at different sea states. The three most ideal packages are further examined in terms of reproducing waveinduced momentum flux from the perspective of transport. Stokes transport analysis indicates that ST4 is the closest to the NDBC-buoy-spectrum-based transport values, and TC and ST6 tend to overestimate and underestimate the transport magnitude, respectively, in swell mixed areas. This difference must be considered, particularly in air-wave-current coupling research and upper ocean analysis. The assessment results provide guidance for the selection of ST4 for use in a background Pacific Ocean hindcast for high wave climate research and China Sea swell type analysis. |
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