| 曲宝晓,宋金明,袁华茂.基于模糊综合评价的粤港澳大湾区海洋沉积物中重金属污染演变历史——以大亚湾为例[J].海洋学报,2020,42(10):59-69 |
| 基于模糊综合评价的粤港澳大湾区海洋沉积物中重金属污染演变历史——以大亚湾为例 |
| Historical evolutions of metal contamination in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A risk assessment based on the fuzzy comprehensive assessment in the Daya Bay |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-05 修订日期：2019-09-17 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.006 |
| 中文关键词: 粤港澳大湾区 大亚湾 沉积物 重金属 污染 模糊综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Daya Bay sediment heavy metals pollution fuzzy comprehensive assessment |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（2015CB452901，2015CB452902）；山东省重大科技创新工程专项课题（2018SDKJ0504-1）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA23050501）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究测定了粤港澳大湾区典型海域—大亚湾沉积物中主要重金属元素的含量水平与污染状况。利用我国海洋沉积物质量标准和模糊综合评价法，系统探讨了大亚湾海洋沉积物质量的历史演变过程，为我国大湾区可持续发展提供了科学理论支持。结果表明，大亚湾海域的重金属污染状况在过去近百年经历了3个主要变化阶段：(1)20世纪80年代之前，大部分重金属含量较低，沉积物质量处于一类等级，与重金属污染相关的生态风险较小，对沉积物生态风险贡献最高的元素为Cr，最低的为Cd；(2)1980-2000年间，大亚湾沉积物中的重金属含量明显高于背景值，表明该阶段出现了较为严重的重金属污染，使近岸海域的沉积物质量等级处于二类与三类，但大亚湾外部海域沉积物受污染影响较小，仍处于一类等级，在此期间，Cu取代Cr成为最主要的污染元素；(3)2000年以后，沉积物重金属的污染水平显著降低，生态风险迅速下降，沉积物质量等级恢复到了一类水平，Cr是这一阶段最主要的污染元素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The metal contents in the core sediments collected from the Daya Bay, a typical marine environment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area were measured in this study. National standard for marine sediment quality and fuzzy comprehensive assessment were applied to evaluate the historical evolution of the sediment quality in the past one hundred years. Our results indicate that the metal contamination in the bay experienced three major stages: (1) Before 1980s, the concentrations of most metals were low and the sediment quality fell into the category of class I. Accordingly, the metal risk was low in this period. Cr contributed most and Cd contributed least to the risk, respectively. (2) Between 1980 and 2000, the metal contents were significantly higher than the background values, suggesting that there was a sharp increase of metal input. The category of sediment quality fell down to class II and class III. However, the sediments in the margin areas of the Daya Bay were only slightly affected and still belonged to class I quality. Cu acted as a major metal pollutant instead of Cr in this period. (3) After the year of 2000, the metal levels and the metal risk decreased sharply. The sediment quality recovered back to class I and Cr contributed most to the risk at the time. |
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