| 张圣,高金耀,丁维凤,沈中延,刁云云.海洋短排列多道反射地震数据观测系统重定义与沉放深度校正[J].海洋学报,2020,42(3):140-148 |
| 海洋短排列多道反射地震数据观测系统重定义与沉放深度校正 |
| The application of geometric re-definition and sinking depth correction to the marine multi-channel short-array seismic reflection data |
| 投稿时间：2019-01-02 修订日期：2019-03-19 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.03.013 |
| 中文关键词: 短排列多道反射地震 观测系统 沉放深度校正 叠加剖面 |
| 英文关键词:short array multi-channels seismic reflection geometry sinking depth correction stacked section |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41576069，41776189）；2019年度南极周边海域海洋地球物理考察（CHINARE2019-01-03）；全球变化与海气相互作用专项（GASI-GEOGE-05）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 短排列多道反射地震接收缆较短，无水鸟、磁罗经、尾标等定位定深设备，给常规数据处理带来诸如观测系统定义等棘手问题；另外，无定深设备会造成接收缆不同接收段的沉放深度不同，破坏反射数据理论双曲线时距曲线关系。针对短排列多道反射地震数据，本文充分利用现场导航数据，计算实际激发点轨迹，再通过反距离比线性插值算法计算检波点的轨迹坐标，获得整个排列的实际观测系统参数。对因沉放深度不一致造成的扭曲时距曲线反射波，文中利用理论双曲线先计算共中心点道集的理论反射波位置，再推算排列中各接收道不同沉放深度处的静校正量，通过静校正拟合运算，消除接收排列非一致深度引起的反射波同相轴扭曲现象。将上述处理方法应用于南极海域短排列多道反射地震数据，最终获得了高分辨率叠加剖面，为后续地质解释提供了保障。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Although the length of short array multi-channel streamers is limited,the absence of equipment for positioning and depth fixing, e.g., birds, magnetic compass, tail mark, etc., will bring some problems, such as inaccurate seismic geometric definition, to the subsequent procedure of data processing. In addition, different sinking depths without correction of depth fixing at different receiving sections along the short towing cable will destroy the relationship of the theoretical hyperbolic curve between time and distance. As to the short-array multi-channel seismic reflection data, therefore, we utilize the surveying navigation data to calculate the real shot track points, and then the interpolation algorithm weighted with inverse ratio of distance is employed to estimate the trajectory coordinates of the receiving points, which aids in obtaining the authentic geometric parameters of the total array. In order to resolve the distortion of time-distance curve caused by inconsistent depth of receiving cable, we calculate the theoretical reflecting positions of common mid-point (CMP) with hyperbolic curve and gauge the static correction of receiving arrays with different sinking depths. Finally, distortions of the reflection event caused by the non-uniform sinking depths of receiving array are eliminated by the fitting algorithm of static correction. The application of above processing processes to the short-array seismic reflection data collected in the Ross Sea, West Antarctica produces high-resolution stacked seismic reflection profiles, which provides great technical assistance for following work of geological interpretation. |
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