徐海珏,胡萍,白玉川,杨波.木本植被覆盖岸坡上波浪爬升过程的数值模拟研究[J].海洋学报,2020,42(3):10-24 |
木本植被覆盖岸坡上波浪爬升过程的数值模拟研究 |
Numerical simulation for wave climbing process on woody plants covered slope |
投稿时间:2018-10-16 修订日期:2018-12-26 |
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.03.002 |
中文关键词: 生态防护 数值模拟 拖曳力 斜坡爬升 植被特性 |
英文关键词:ecological protection numerical simulation drag force slope propagation vegetation characteristics |
基金项目:水资源高效开发利用国家重点专项第五课题—滩涂资源高效利用模式与滩涂保护及绿色海堤建设技术(2018YFC0407505)。 |
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中文摘要: |
近岸木本植物构成的生态缓冲带作为新型的海岸软防护结构,兼具功能性和生态友好性,在沿海工程建设中愈发受到关注,如何深入开展其防护效果的机理研究是目前亟待解决的问题。本文采用数值模拟方法,在N-S方程中分别考虑树枝和树干的拖曳力影响,提出了木本植被作用下波浪沿斜坡爬升的表面波衰减的连续介质等效模型,并采用MAC法来跟踪自由曲面上的水颗粒轨迹。本文以波浪沿1/30的斜坡爬升为算例,对比讨论了有无植被作用下波浪的传播过程,并将算例结果与以往试验结果规律进行对照,验证了数值模型的有效性。最后,分别讨论了植物枝干的高度、密度、树枝倾斜角度等植被特性和波浪因素对植被消浪效果的影响,得到植被消浪的基本规律。文中的计算结果也可为实际的护岸工程和生态景观设计提供参考。 |
英文摘要: |
As a new type of coastal ecological protection measure, ecological buffer zone formed by woody plants in coastal areas has attracted more and more attention in coastal engineering projects. It is an urgent problem to be solved that how to carry out the research on the protection effect of woody plants. The numerical simulation method is used in this paper. Firstly, a theoretical model of surface wave attenuation for wave climbing along a slope under the protection of woody vegetation is proposed by including the drag forces of branches and trunks in the N-S equation. Next, the MAC method is used to track the trajectories of water particles on the free surface. Then, taking the wave climbing along a slope of 1/30 as an example, the wave propagation process along an inclined beach with or without vegetation is discussed. The validity of the numerical model is verified by comparing the numerical result and those of the previous experiments. Finally, influences of the vegetation characteristics, such as height, density and tilt angle of plant branches and those of wave factors on wave dissipation are discussed and analyzed, respectively. Additionally, the rules of wave dissipation are summarized. The calculation results of this model can also be applicable to the design of revetment structures and ecological landscape. |
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