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| 洋山深水港入境船舶压载水浮游动物种类组成分析 |
| A Biological Survey of Zooplankton Taken by Ballast Water in the International Navigation Ships Entering Shanghai Yangshan Deep-Water Port, China |
| 投稿时间：2010-01-28 修订日期：2010-06-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 洋山深水港、浮游动物、压载水、生物密度 |
| 英文关键词:Shanghai Deep Water Port zooplankton ballast water density |
| 基金项目:上海市科委“长三角联合攻关”项目(062358101); 上海市教委第五期重点学科海洋生物学(J50701) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2008年10月—2009年4月采集了19艘停靠在上海洋山深水港的入境船舶压载水水样，对其进行了浮游动物的种类组成分析，共检出压载水中浮游动物39种，其中桡足类37种、淡水枝角类1种、海洋枝角类1种。结果显示，压载水中浮游动物的密度及种类组成与水样压载地的环境直接相关，不同航线船舶压载水中浮游动物的种类差异较大。调查发现，虽然调查船舶压载水中浮游动物的类群数量较少，但是仍有47.37%的船舶压载水中检出外来种浮游动物，其中有44.44%的船舶在沿岸港口处更换压载水，水文环境与洋山深水港相近，压载水中浮游动物存活机率高，因此洋山深水港入境船舶压载水仍存在较高的潜在生物入侵风险。结合本次调查结果，提出对洋山深水港入境船舶携带外来生物的防治策略建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ballast water is a covert mechanism transports interoceanic and transoceanic nonindigenous marine organisms across the world, leading to the loss of biodiversity, alteration of ecosystems, negative impacts on global coastal ecology. A biological survey of zooplanktons in the ballast water sampled from 19 container ships called at Shanghai Yangshan Deep Water Port form October, 2008 to April, 2009, which was carried out to assess the risk of introducing non-native species in Shanghai. In this investigation,39 species of zooplanktons were identified, of which 35 species are copepoda(89.4%) and 2 species are cladocera (5.13%). The Sorensen comparability index, clustering analysis, correlation analysis and MDS analysis were applied to analyse the data of salinity, zooplankton density, biodiversity and dominant species. The zooplankton density and species quantity are related to environment factors of the exchange sites. The significant difference of zooplankton density occurred when the exchange site was of inshore to those of open sea. However, it was clear that ballast water exchange (BWE) method for enforcement by IMO did not remove all the source port taxa and this may pick up non-native species to Yangshan Deep Water Port. We identified 12 non-native species in 47.34% of all the international navigation ships’ ballast water, and that shows the potential risks to the ecological environment of Yangshan Deep-Water Port. |
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